Risperidone Flashcards

Classification

• Therapeutic class: antipsychotics, mood stabilizers
• Pharmacologic category: benzisoxazoles

Action

• Antagonizes dopamine and serotonin in the central nervous system (CNS)
• Therapeutic effects include decreased symptoms of psychosis, bipolar mania, and autism

Dosage/Route

• Schizophrenia:

  • Adults: start at 1 mg twice daily, titrate by 1-2 mg every 24 hours to achieve 4-8 mg daily
  • Adolescents (13-17 years): start at 0.5 mg once daily, titrate to a maximum of 3 mg daily
  • Adults (IM): 25 mg every 2 weeks, higher doses may be used (37.5 mg or 50 mg)

• Bipolar I Disorder:

  • Acute manic episodes (Adults): 2-3 mg/day as a single dose, titrate by 1 mg every 24 hours (range 1-5 mg)
  • Adolescents (13-17 years): start at 0.5 mg once daily, titrate to 2.5 mg daily

• Irritability with Autism:

  • Children (5-16 years, 20 kg): start with 0.25 mg to 0.5 mg/day and can increase every 2 weeks.

• Renal and Hepatic Impairment:

  • Adults: start at 0.5 mg twice daily, titrate as needed

Indications

• Schizophrenia for adults and adolescents (age 13-17)
• Short-term treatment of acute manic/mixed episodes in Bipolar I Disorder for ages 10-17
• Maintenance treatment for Bipolar I Disorder (IM only for adults)
• Irritability associated with autistic disorder in children

Side Effects

• CNS: Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, suicidal thoughts, aggressive behavior, dizziness, extrapyramidal reactions, headaches, sleep disturbances, sedation, fatigue
• EENT: Pharyngitis, rhinitis, visual disturbances
• Respiratory: Cough, dyspnea
• Cardiovascular: Arrhythmias, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia
• Gastrointestinal: Constipation, diarrhea, dry mouth, nausea, weight changes, abdominal pain
• Genitourinary: Libido changes, dysmenorrhea, urination difficulties
• Dermatological: Skin rash, photosensitivity, dermatitis
• Endocrine: Dyslipidemia, hyperglycemia
• Hematologic: Agranulocytosis, leukopenia
• Musculoskeletal: Arthralgia, back pain

Toxic Symptoms

• No specific toxic symptoms documented

Nursing Implications

• Assess mental status and mood before and during therapy
• Monitor for behavior changes indicating suicidal thoughts or worsening depression
• Monitor weight and BMI throughout therapy
• Regularly check for hyperglycemia indicators
• Assess blood pressure and pulse changes, especially during dose titration
• Ensure medication administration compliance to prevent hoarding
• Observe for extrapyramidal side effects, which may require dose adjustment or medication cessation
• Trihexyphenidyl or benztropine may assist in managing extrapyramidal symptoms if needed

Test your knowledge with these flashcards on Risperidone (Risperdal). The quiz covers its classification, action, and recommended dosage. Ideal for students in healthcare or pharmacology.