Questions and Answers
What is the trade name for the generic name Risperidone?
What classification does Risperidone belong to?
Antipsychotic (second generation)
What is the FDA category for Risperidone?
C
Describe the pharmacologic properties of Risperidone.
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What are the therapeutic effects of Risperidone?
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What is the mechanism of action for Risperidone?
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What is the recommended starting dosage for Risperidone in oral therapy?
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List some side effects of Risperidone.
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Which substances may interact with Risperidone?
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What nursing considerations should be taken into account for Risperidone?
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What important patient teaching is recommended for those taking Risperidone?
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Risperidone is safe to use in elderly patients with dementia.
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Study Notes
Risperidone Overview
- Generic name: Risperidone; trade name: Risperdal.
- Classification: Antipsychotic (second generation).
FDA and Pharmacological Information
- FDA Category: C (risk cannot be ruled out).
- Rapid absorption; food does not affect absorption rate.
- Plasma levels peak approximately one hour post oral administration.
- Metabolized into 9-hydroxyrisperidone, which has similar activity to Risperidone.
- Parent drug and metabolites are excreted via urine.
- Half-life is 24 hours; may be prolonged in cases of hepatic or renal impairment.
Therapeutic Indications
- Effective in reducing both positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
- Cognitive function may improve; significant effects can be observed within one week.
- Exhibits antidyskinetic effects in patients with severe tardive dyskinesia (TD).
Mechanism of Action
- Binds to multiple receptors; mainly antagonizes 5-HT2 and D2 receptors.
- Therapeutic effects likely arise from antagonism at both 5-HT2 and D2.
- No blocking of cholinergic receptors, but antagonizes H1 and alpha-adrenergic receptors.
Dosage and Administration
- Available in film-coated tablets, dissolvable orally disintegrating tablets, and solution (1mg/ml).
- Initial dose typically starts at 1mg twice daily, increased to 2mg daily on the second day, and then 3mg twice daily thereafter.
- Dosage adjustments are necessary for patients with renal or hepatic impairment.
- For intramuscular administration, doses range from 25 to 50mg every two weeks.
Side Effects
- Common side effects: weight gain, diabetes, dyslipidemia, photosensitivity.
- Serious adverse effects: agitation, dizziness, somnolence, fatigue.
- Overdosing can result in sedation, difficulty concentrating, and sleep disturbances.
Drug Interactions
- Interactions noted with substances such as alcohol, carbamazepine, clonidine, and levodopa.
Nursing Considerations
- Risperidone is contraindicated in pregnancy.
- Discontinue any other antipsychotic treatments prior to initiating Risperidone.
- If treatment is restarted, adhere to initial dosing guidelines.
Patient Education
- Use dry hands to handle disintegrating tablets; do not chew them.
- Mix solution with 3 to 4 ounces of water, coffee, orange juice, or low-fat milk.
- Advise avoiding sun exposure.
- Instruct patients to report symptoms like palpitations, infections, excessive thirst or urination, and chest pain.
Black Box Warning
- Not recommended for elderly patients with dementia due to an increased risk of cardiovascular mortality.
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Description
Test your knowledge of Risperidone with these flashcards. This quiz covers essential information, including its classification, FDA category, and pharmacologic properties. Ideal for students and healthcare professionals.
