Questions and Answers
What is the primary application of rigid tubing in aircraft?
Which material has largely replaced copper tubing in modern aircraft applications?
Which aluminium alloy is generally used in low-pressure systems below 1000 psi?
What is indicated by the coloured bands on small aluminium tubing?
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What type of tubing is used in high-pressure systems of 3000 psi?
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What should replacement tubing in aircraft be identical to?
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How is steel tubing for aircraft typically identified?
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Which factor is crucial when manufacturing aircraft fluid pipes?
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What is the maximum operating pressure for medium-pressure hose with smaller diameters?
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Which material is typically used for the inner liner of high-pressure hoses designed to carry petroleum products?
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What distinguishes high-pressure hoses from medium-pressure hoses?
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What type of fittings cannot be removed and reused once installed?
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Why must reusable fittings be carefully inspected after being removed from a damaged hose?
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What is the purpose of using blanks on disconnected aircraft fluid lines?
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What is a common characteristic of the outer cover of medium-pressure hoses used with Skydrol?
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What should be done with damaged components of reusable fittings?
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Which color is typically associated with high-pressure hoses designed to carry Skydrol?
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What should be used to cover open ends of disconnected lines and fittings in aircraft systems?
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What is one main characteristic of the inner liner of a flexible hose?
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Which of the following materials is known to be chemically incompatible with petroleum products?
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What is the purpose of the multi-start thread or quarter-turn attachment in some hose couplings?
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Identifying markings on hydraulic hoses primarily serve what purpose?
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What is a feature of the outer cover of flexible hoses?
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What is a significant factor to consider when beading a tube for hose connection?
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What kind of pressure is a low-pressure hose suitable for?
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Which type of synthetic compound used for inner liners has the broadest operating temperature range?
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Which material is suitable for hoses carrying petroleum-based fluids?
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What happens to a hose when pressure is applied to it?
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What is the typical composition of reinforcement layers in flexible hoses?
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What is the significance of the lay line on a flexible hose?
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What does a dash number on a flexible hose signify?
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What is the benefit of using corrosion-resistant steel tubing in terms of wall thickness?
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How is the size of rigid tubing typically determined?
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What is the function of a flared-tube fitting in aircraft plumbing systems?
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Which of the following identifies differences between AN and AC fittings?
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What color are all AN steel fittings used in aircraft plumbing?
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What is the primary pressure that MS type fittings can withstand?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of a flareless fitting?
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What is the function of pre-setting in flareless tube assembly installation?
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What type of threads do tapered pipe thread fittings use to create a seal?
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What advantage do banjo fittings offer during installation?
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How is the inside diameter of a rigid tube calculated?
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What identifies material composition in the MS fitting number?
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What type of fittings are ideally suited for use in high-pressure systems?
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What does the term 'bulkhead fitting' refer to in aviation?
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What characterizes the threads used in tapered pipe fitting systems?
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Study Notes
Rigid Lines in Aircraft
- Aircraft utilize various types of rigid fluid lines for applications like fuel, oil, oxygen, and instruments.
- Rigid tubing is preferred for stationary uses and straight runs, commonly made from aluminium-alloy or corrosion-resistant steel.
- Early aircraft mostly used copper tubing, later replaced due to brittleness from vibration during flight.
Materials Used
- Aluminium Tubing: Available in multiple alloys, used in low-pressure systems. Designations like 1100-H14 and 3003-H14 are common.
- Corrosion-Resistant Steel: Used for high-pressure systems (up to 3000 psi) due to its durability against damage, moisture, and heat.
Size Designations
- Rigid tubing sizes are defined by outside diameter in increments of 1/16 in. and include wall thickness measurements for strength.
- Inside diameter is derived from the outside diameter and wall thickness.
Rigid Line Fittings
- Tube Flaring: Used to connect rigid tubing to components, with two types of flares: single and double.
- Flared-Tube Fittings: Identified by AN or MS numbers, differ from AC fittings mainly in design and materials.
- Flareless Fittings: Used with straight-cut tubing, good for high-pressure systems, identified by MS part numbers.
Special Fittings and Connections
- Bulkhead Fittings: For tubes passing through a bulkhead, requiring seals to maintain fluid integrity.
- Tapered Pipe Thread Fittings: Create seals using tapered threads, similar to household plumbing.
- Banjo Fittings: Allow rotation before tightening, used in various fluid systems.
- Quick-Disconnect Couplings: Enable easy connection/disconnection with self-sealing action, commonly found in fuel and hydraulic systems.
Flexible Fluid Lines
- Used to connect moving and stationary aircraft parts, especially where vibration occurs.
- Construction includes layers: an inner liner for fluid, reinforcement layers for strength, and an outer cover for protection.
Inner Liner Materials
- Neoprene and Buna-N: Suitable for petroleum-based fluids but differ in chemical resistance.
- Butyl: Excellent for phosphate ester-base hydraulic fluids, not compatible with petroleum.
- Teflon: Broad temperature tolerance, low fluid flow resistance, suitable for nearly all liquids.
Reinforcement and Outer Cover
- Reinforcement layers impact hose strength and prevent dimensional changes under pressure.
- Outer covers protect hoses from damage and display crucial identification markings.
Size and Types of Flexible Hose
- Flexible hose sizes are designated by inside diameter, similar to rigid tubing.
- Types classified based on pressure resilience: low-pressure, medium-pressure, and high-pressure hoses, each with distinct materials and construction.
Flexible Pipe Fittings
- Swaged-End Fittings: Permanently attached and cannot be reused; require sourcing replacements from manufacturers.
- Reusable Fittings: Comprising a socket, nipple, and nut; must be inspected for damage before reuse.
Contamination Prevention
- Blanks are used to cover open ends of disconnected fluid lines to prevent contamination and fluid leakage, essential during maintenance activities.
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Description
This quiz explores the various applications of rigid fluid lines in aircraft, focusing on the systems that utilize them such as fuel, oil, and oxygen. Discover the historical context and advantages of different materials used in these lines.
