Rhodophyta Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is the classification of phylum Rhodophyta?

Rhodophyceae

Phylum Rhodophyta is also called?

Red Algae

What causes the red color in Rhodophyta? (Select all that apply)

Carotenoids

Phycocyanin (correct)

Chlorophyll A (correct)

Phycoerythrin (correct)

What are the other colors of Phylum Rhodophyta? (Select all that apply)

Greenish Signup and view all the answers

Give examples of the red algae:

Botryocladia, Stenogramme, Gigartina, Gelidium Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of Rhodophyta? (Select all that apply)

Develop beautiful feathery structures Signup and view all the answers

How long do red algae grow?

From 200 meters (656 feet) to 269 meters (884 feet) Signup and view all the answers

Do red algae have flagella and centrioles?

False Signup and view all the answers

Do red algae have photosynthetic pigments?

True Signup and view all the answers

The red algae's food is in what form?

Starch Signup and view all the answers

The red algae's polymers are in what form?

Galactan sulphate Signup and view all the answers

Where are red algae found? (Select all that apply)

Saltwater Signup and view all the answers

Where do red algae typically grow?

Marine environments Signup and view all the answers

What is the red algae's mode of nutrition? (Select all that apply)

Saprophytic Signup and view all the answers

The red algae's cells are made of? (Select all that apply)

Cellulose Signup and view all the answers

What is the Rhodophyta's male sex organ called?

Spermatangium Signup and view all the answers

What is the Rhodophyta's female sex organ called?

Carpogeonia or procarp Signup and view all the answers

What are the 3 modes of production in red algae? (Select all that apply)

Asexual Signup and view all the answers

What happens during asexual reproduction?

Monospores Signup and view all the answers

What happens during sexual reproduction?

Alterations of generations Signup and view all the answers

What are the 2 subclasses of Rhodophyta? (Select all that apply)

Bangiodeae Signup and view all the answers

What is Bangiodeae?

Red algae that usually lack a growing point, undergo diffuse growth, and have a filamentous or foliose and often unbranched thallus. Signup and view all the answers

What order belongs to Bangiodeae?

Bangioles Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the thallus in Bangioles?

Smooth to greatly convoluted blade that is attached to the substratum by a disciform. Signup and view all the answers

How does Bangioles reproduce?

Asexually by monospores Signup and view all the answers

What do the cells of Bangioles contain?

One or two chromatophores Signup and view all the answers

Give an example of Bangioles:

Porphyta perforata Signup and view all the answers

What subclass of Rhodophyta have cells connected by evident cytoplasmic strands?

Florideae Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of Florideae? (Select all that apply)

Plant body is filamentous Signup and view all the answers

What are the algae that belong to this subclass? (Select all that apply)

Gelidiales Signup and view all the answers

What is Nemalionales?

An order of red algae that have only a gametophytic generation and carpospores which develop from end cells of short filaments sprouting from a carpogonium. Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of Nemalionales? (Select all that apply)

Body is bluish or violet green in color Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of Nemalionales?

Batrachospermum Signup and view all the answers

What is Gelidiales?

A small order of red algae containing a single family and including Gelidium and a few related genera that are sometimes placed in Nemalionales. Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of Gelidiales? (Select all that apply)

Thalli have single apical cell Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of Gelidiales?

Gelidium spp. Signup and view all the answers

What are Cryptonemiales?

An order of red algae having the auxiliary cells borne on filaments that differ markedly from the vegetative filaments. Signup and view all the answers

What are the characteristics of Cryptonemiales? (Select all that apply)

Thallus is monoaxial Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Classification

Phylum Rhodophyta is classified as Rhodophyceae.
Commonly known as Red Algae.

Coloration

Red coloration results from pigments: chlorophyll A, phycocyanin, and phycorythrin.
Other hues include greenish, pink, and purple.

Examples

Notable species of red algae include Botryocladia, Stenogramme, Gigartina, and Gelidium.

Characteristics

Members are unicellular and typically attach to rocks in intertidal zones.
Known for developing feathery structures and having flattened blades.

Growth

Red algae can grow from 200 meters (656 feet) to 269 meters (884 feet).
They lack flagella and centrioles.

Photosynthetic Capability

Red algae possess photosynthetic pigments and store food primarily in the form of starch.

Composition

The polymers found in red algae include galactan sulphate.
Cell walls consist of cellulose and various polysaccharides.

Habitat

Red algae thrive in both saltwater and freshwater environments, mainly in marine settings.

Nutritional Mode

They exhibit saprophytic, parasitic, and epiphytic modes of nutrition.

Reproduction

Male sex organs are termed spermatangium, while female organs include carpogonia or procarp.
Three modes of reproduction are evident: vegetative, asexual, and sexual.
Asexual reproduction involves the formation of monospores, while sexual reproduction shows alterations of generations.

Subclasses

Two primary subclasses are Bangiodeae and Florideae.

Bangiodeae

Characterized by a lack of growing points and filamentous or foliose thalli.
Reproduces asexually through monospores.
Contains one or two chromatophores in its cells.
Example includes porphyta perforata.

Florideae

Cells in this subclass are interconnected by cytoplasmic strands.
Noted for filamentous body structure and complex sexual reproduction.
Included orders are Nemalionales, Gelidiales, Cryptonemiales, Gigartinales, Rhodymeniales, and Ceramiales.

Nemalionales

Known for a gametophytic generation with carpospores from short filaments sprouting from carpogonia.
Characteristics include bluish or violet-green coloration, multicellularity, and smooth, branched bodies.
Example: Batrachospermum.

Gelidiales

A small order containing Gelidium and closely related genera.
Best known as a source of agar.
Thalli feature a single apical cell with unicellular carpogonial filaments.
Example: Gelidium spp.

Cryptonemiales

Distinguished by auxiliary cells on distinctly structured filaments.
Thalli are monoaxial, with the auxiliary cells found on gametophyte filaments.

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Description

Test your knowledge on Division Rhodophyta with these flashcards! Learn about the classification, color characteristics, and examples of red algae. Perfect for students and enthusiasts of marine biology.