Rheumatic Heart Disease and Mitral Valve Pathology
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Questions and Answers

What is the most important functional consequence of rheumatic heart disease?

  • Mitral valve thickening
  • Pulmonary valve injury
  • Aortic valve regurgitation
  • Valvular stenosis and regurgitation (correct)
  • In rheumatic heart disease, which valve is involved in 70% of cases?

  • Aortic valve
  • Pulmonic valve
  • Mitral valve (correct)
  • Tricuspid valve
  • What is the characteristic appearance of mitral stenosis due to fibrous bridging across the valvular commissures and calcification?

  • Spherical shape
  • Diamond-like structure
  • Hourglass deformity (correct)
  • Star-shaped appearance
  • What is the main reason for left atrial dilation in cases of tight mitral stenosis?

    <p>Pressure overload (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common cardiac complication seen in acute rheumatic fever?

    <p>Carditis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of heart failure typically causes pulmonary vascular and parenchymal changes in rheumatic heart disease?

    <p>Left-sided heart failure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principal form of valvular disease mentioned in the text?

    <p>Mitral stenosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the only cause of acquired mitral stenosis according to the text?

    <p>Rheumatic heart disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the estimated percentage of infected patients that develop rheumatic fever?

    <p>3% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which immune response is likely involved in the pathogenesis of acute rheumatic fever according to the text?

    <p>Cross-reactive immune responses (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells are activated through complement and Fc receptor by antibodies in acute rheumatic fever pathogenesis?

    <p>Macrophages (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic delay in symptom onset after infection in acute rheumatic fever?

    <p>2-3 weeks (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of acute rheumatic fever?

    <p>Presence of Aschoff bodies (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type is primarily found in Aschoff bodies?

    <p>T cells (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the myocardial involvement in rheumatic fever known as?

    <p>Myocarditis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results in valve involvement in chronic rheumatic heart disease?

    <p>Thickening and retraction of valve cusps and leaflets (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of chronic rheumatic heart disease?

    <p>Scarring and organization of acute inflammation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main consequence of healing and scarring associated with acute inflammation in rheumatic fever?

    <p>Development of fibrotic lesions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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