18 Questions
What is the most important functional consequence of rheumatic heart disease?
Valvular stenosis and regurgitation
In rheumatic heart disease, which valve is involved in 70% of cases?
Mitral valve
What is the characteristic appearance of mitral stenosis due to fibrous bridging across the valvular commissures and calcification?
Hourglass deformity
What is the main reason for left atrial dilation in cases of tight mitral stenosis?
Pressure overload
What is the common cardiac complication seen in acute rheumatic fever?
Carditis
Which type of heart failure typically causes pulmonary vascular and parenchymal changes in rheumatic heart disease?
Left-sided heart failure
What is the principal form of valvular disease mentioned in the text?
Mitral stenosis
What is the only cause of acquired mitral stenosis according to the text?
Rheumatic heart disease
What is the estimated percentage of infected patients that develop rheumatic fever?
3%
Which immune response is likely involved in the pathogenesis of acute rheumatic fever according to the text?
Cross-reactive immune responses
Which cells are activated through complement and Fc receptor by antibodies in acute rheumatic fever pathogenesis?
Macrophages
What is the characteristic delay in symptom onset after infection in acute rheumatic fever?
2-3 weeks
What is the characteristic feature of acute rheumatic fever?
Presence of Aschoff bodies
Which cell type is primarily found in Aschoff bodies?
T cells
What is the myocardial involvement in rheumatic fever known as?
Myocarditis
What results in valve involvement in chronic rheumatic heart disease?
Thickening and retraction of valve cusps and leaflets
What is a key characteristic of chronic rheumatic heart disease?
Scarring and organization of acute inflammation
What is the main consequence of healing and scarring associated with acute inflammation in rheumatic fever?
Development of fibrotic lesions
Learn about the classic pathological changes in the mitral valve associated with rheumatic heart disease, including leaflet thickening and fusion, chordae tendineae thickening, fibrous bridging, and calcification resulting in stenosis. Understand the functional consequences of valvular stenosis and regurgitation in this context.
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