Review of Related Literature Overview
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Questions and Answers

Which type of research design investigates the effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable retrospectively, without manipulating the independent variable?

  • Quasi-experimental
  • Ex-post facto (correct)
  • Correlational
  • Descriptive

    • What type of variable can take any value within a range, such as height or temperature?

  • Categorical variable
  • Continuous variable (correct)
  • Qualitative variable
  • Discrete variable

    • Which of the following describes a variable that is manipulated in an experiment to observe its effect on another variable?

  • Independent variable (correct)
  • Confounding variable
  • Dependent variable
  • Extraneous variable

    • Which research design involves manipulating variables and randomly assigning participants to groups to establish causal relationships?

    <p>Experimental (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a confounding variable and an extraneous variable?

    <p>Confounding variables influence both the independent and dependent variables, while extraneous variables only influence the dependent variable. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a research design that focuses on observing, describing, and documenting aspects of a situation without manipulating variables?

    <p>It aims to establish cause-and-effect relationships. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of 'background of the study' in the research process?

    <p>To provide a context to the information discussed throughout the research (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of a qualitative variable?

    <p>It is a categorical variable. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of literature review aims to find as much relevant research as possible, using explicit methods to determine reliable conclusions?

    <p>Systematic Review of Literature (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of a 'Conceptual Literature Review'?

    <p>To examine theories and hypotheses in relation to their real-world application. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect of a research study outlines the specific boundaries and limitations of the investigation?

    <p>Delimitation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is considered essential for a research question to be considered 'feasible'?

    <p>The availability of sufficient time, resources, and respondents. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the 'Conceptual Framework' in a research study?

    <p>To guide the research design and methodology. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of literature review is best suited for projects related to community development, government politics, and health services?

    <p>Scoping Review (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main distinction between 'Traditional' and 'Systematic' literature reviews?

    <p>The level of detail provided in the review. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following factors is NOT mentioned as a characteristic of a significant research question?

    <p>Originality and novelty of the research topic. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of a research hypothesis?

    <p>To state the researcher's prediction about the outcome of the study. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a step involved in using Slovin's Formula?

    <p>Determine the desired level of confidence. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between a 'target population' and an 'accessible population'?

    <p>The target population is the group that the research intends to study, while the accessible population is the group that is actually sampled. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sampling method involves selecting participants based on their ease of access to the researcher?

    <p>Convenience Sampling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the term 'instrument' in research methodology?

    <p>A specific tool or device used to gather data. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a research study, what is the significance of defining the 'scope and delimitation'?

    <p>To clarify the boundaries and parameters of the research. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of a 'case study' as a research approach?

    <p>To solve practical problems while contributing to theory. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following BEST describes the concept of 'contextual analysis' in research?

    <p>Interpreting and coding textual materials to draw inferences. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Research Hypothesis

    A tentative answer to the research question predicting study outcomes.

    Significance of the Study

    Explains how the study will contribute to knowledge or practice.

    Scope and Delimitation

    Sets the boundaries and parameters of the research study.

    Data Collection Procedure

    The method of gathering and measuring information on variables.

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    Population

    The totality of all objects, elements, and persons in a study.

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    Target Population

    The specific group intended for the research intervention and conclusions.

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    Slovin's Formula

    A method to compute an acceptable sample size from a population.

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    Convenience Sampling

    Selecting participants based on their accessibility to the researcher.

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    Qualitative Variables

    Categorical variables grouped based on shared characteristics, with no numeric measurement.

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    Quantitative Variables

    Numerical variables that can be measured and expressed as numbers, including discrete and continuous.

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    Discrete Variables

    Specific countable values, cannot take fractions or decimals, e.g., number of students.

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    Continuous Variables

    Variables that can take any value within a range, measured values like height or weight.

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    Independent Variable

    The variable that is manipulated in an experiment to observe its effect on another variable.

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    Dependent Variable

    The variable that is measured to determine the effect of changes in the independent variable.

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    Extraneous Variables

    Other variables that could influence the dependent variable, affecting the results if uncontrolled.

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    Quasi-Experimental Design

    A research design examining cause-and-effect without random assignment of participants.

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    Review of Related Literature (RRL)

    Examines past studies related to your research topic.

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    Types of RRL

    Includes foreign and local studies related to your research.

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    Systematic Review of Literature

    A method to identify reliable research relevant to your work.

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    Traditional Review

    Provides an overview of findings, focusing on conclusions.

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    Research Gap

    An area of the topic that is under-researched or unexplored.

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    Scope of Study

    Defines the coverage and boundaries of your research.

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    Characteristics of Research Questions

    Research questions should be significant and feasible to investigate.

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    Conceptual Framework

    Basis for research objectives; often uses models like IPO.

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    Study Notes

    • Examine previously published concepts and ideas related to the research.
    • Foreign (International) RRL: Studies conducted outside the researcher's country.
    • Local RRL: Studies conducted within the researcher's country.

    Types of RRL

    • Systematic Review: Aims to comprehensively identify all relevant research, using explicit methods. Includes all research with a connection to the current research topic.
    • Traditional Review: Provides an overview of existing research findings, focusing on the overall conclusions of the studies. For HUMSS students, only use articles with concluding statements.
    • Scoping Review: Focuses on community development, government policies, and health services.
    • Critical Review: Analyzes theories, hypotheses, and examines their application and outcomes.
    • Conceptual Review: Examines national or global issues.
    • State-of-the-Art Review: Presents the most recent research on the topic.

    Purposes of RRL

    • Understand the theoretical or conceptual underpinnings of the research.
    • Identify connections between current research and previous studies.
    • Justify the need for the research by highlighting its relation to existing knowledge.

    Parts of a Research Study

    • Statement of the Problem: Introduces and clarifies the problem being investigated.
    • Conceptual Framework: Provides the basis for the research paradigm and objectives. Examples are the IPO Model and Analytical tools.
    • Research Gap: Identifies areas of the research topic that need further exploration or have not been adequately addressed.
    • Scope: Defines the boundaries and coverage of the research study.
    • Delimitation: Outlines the aspects that are excluded from the study.
    • Recommendations: Suggests possible improvements or further actions based on the findings.

    Characteristics of Research Questions

    • Significant: Addresses a relevant and important issue.
    • Feasible: Achievable within the available resources (time, budget, respondents).
    • Clear: Easily understood and unambiguous.
    • Ethical: Doesn't cause harm or violate ethical standards.
    • Qualitative: Categorical variables, based on shared characteristics.
    • Quantitative: Experimental (manipulation) or Non-experimental.
      • Numerical:
        • Discrete Variables: Whole numbers (e.g., number of students).
        • Continuous Variables: Include fractions or decimals (e.g., height, weight).

    Kinds of Quantitative Research Design

    • Descriptive: Focuses on observing, describing, and documenting without manipulating variables.
    • Correlational: Examines relationships between variables without implying cause and effect.

    Characteristics of Research Questions (continued)

    • Experimental: Manipulates a variable to determine its effect on another variable.
      • Independent Variable: The manipulated variable.
      • Dependent Variable: The measured variable.
      • Extraneous Variable: Other variables that could influence the dependent variable.
      • Confounding Variable: Extraneous variables that affect both the independent and dependent variables, making it difficult to determine the true relationship.

    Parts of Research (continued)

    • Sampling: A subset of the overall population.
    • Background: Provides context to the research topic.
    • Conceptual Framework (Analytical Tool): Provides the framework for the study.
    • Research Hypothesis: A tentative answer to the research question.
    • Significance: Explains the contribution of the study.
    • Scope & Delimitation: Outlines the parameters and excluded parts of the study.
    • Glossary: Defines terms in the study.
    • Data Collection Procedure: Describes how data is collected.
    • Research Methodology: Explains the methods used in the research.
    • Instrument: A tool for measuring variables of interest.
    • Context Analysis (Qualitative): A technique to analyze textual materials.

    Case Study/Population

    • Case Study: Investigates practical problems and produces theoretical contributions.
    • Population: The entire set of objects or people that the study focuses on.
    • Target Population: The specific group the study will examine.
    • Accessible Population: The portion of the population the researcher can reasonably study.

    Sample Size Calculation (Slovin's Formula)

    • N: Total population size.
    • n: Required sample size.
    • E: Margin of error (expressed as a decimal).
    • Formula: n = N / (1 + N * E^2)

    Sampling Methods

    • Convenience Sampling: Selecting participants based on accessibility.
    • Simple Random Sampling: Each participant has an equal chance of being selected.
    • Snowball Sampling: Participants refer others to participate.

    Types of Citations

    • APA (American Psychological Association): (Author's last name, year, page number).
    • MLA (Modern Language Association): (Page number) or includes the author's last name and year.
    • Chicago: (Author's last name, year, page).

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    Review Of Related Literature (RRL) Guide PDF

    Description

    This quiz explores the different types of related literature reviews, including systematic, traditional, scoping, critical, conceptual, and state-of-the-art reviews. Understand how these reviews are conducted both locally and internationally, and their significance in research methodology. Perfect for HUMSS students and researchers looking to deepen their understanding of literature reviews.

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