Review of Related Literature (RRL) Quiz

Conceptual Framework

• Illustrates the research plan's structure and guides the study's focus.
• Explains the hypothesized relationships among various research variables.

Theoretical Framework vs. Conceptual Framework

• Theoretical Framework: Provides a theory-based foundation, often applied in studies analyzing social phenomena.
  • Example: Utilizing Attachment Theory to explore Parent-child Relationships.
• Conceptual Framework: Offers a flexible structure that may include various theories; often used in exploratory research.
  • Example: Merging theories of Motivation and Learning Styles to study optimal learning strategies.

Common Examples of Conceptual Framework

• Independent Variable - Dependent Variable Model (IV-DV): Depicts the relationship between independent and dependent variables of a study.
• Input - Process - Output Model (IPO): Illustrates the study's approach by categorizing elements as Input (independent variable), Process (tools), and Output (outcome).

Research Hypotheses

• Represent logical assumptions or educated conjectures formed from a comprehensive literature review.

Types of Hypothesis

• Null Hypothesis (H₀): Assumes no relationship or effect exists between variables; accepted until proven otherwise.
• Alternative Hypothesis (H₁/Hₐ): Proposes a relationship or effect between variables, opposing the null hypothesis.

Definition of Terms

• Clear definitions of terms as used in a specific study.
• Types of Definitions:
  • Theoretical: Universal definitions, typically sourced from dictionaries, with a general understanding.
  • Operational: Definitions specific to the study at hand.

Review of Related Literature / Literature Review

• Summarizes published work on a specific topic, ideally focusing on recent articles (last 5 years).

Purposes of Review of Related Literature (RRL)

• Connects research to current global conditions.
• Investigates relationships with prior research.
• Assesses the accuracy and relevance of research questions.

Steps in Writing a Review of Related Literature

• Choose a reference style.
• Establish research priorities.
• Narrow the review's scope.
• Create a visual map of the literature.

Tips in Writing a Review of Related Literature

• Use reliable evidence, prioritizing valid citations.
• Be selective, focusing only on crucial points from sources.
• Limit direct quotes; aim to paraphrase effectively.
• Summarize and synthesize findings while maintaining your own voice.
• Avoid unrelated or secondary sources and ensure comprehensive examination.

Ethical Standards in Writing Related Literature

• Plagiarism: Involves claiming others' ideas without credit; types include:
  • Verbatim, Paraphrasing, Mosaic, Self, and Global Plagiarism.
• Citation: Indicates sources of information to readers.
• Citation Styles:
  • MLA Style: Format varies depending on the number of authors.
  • APA Style: Citation includes author, year, and page references, adapted based on the number of authors.
• In-text Citation: Properly credits sources within the text for accuracy.