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Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of ethnography research design?
What is the purpose of a code in qualitative research?
What is the main difference between naturalistic and non-naturalistic observation?
What is the purpose of a theme in qualitative research?
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What is the characteristic of a semi-structured interview?
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What is the purpose of a written report in qualitative research?
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What is the primary purpose of a review of related literature in a research study?
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What is the main difference between a review of related literature and a review of a related study?
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Why is it important to cite sources in a review of related literature?
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What is the process of structuring techniques and strategies that helps researchers solve their problems or answer their inquiry?
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What type of observation requires the researcher to be involved in the usual activities of the subjects being researched?
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What is the purpose of using transitional devices in a review of related literature?
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Study Notes
Research Variables and Samples
- Data represents the research variable
- A sample is a group of individuals that represents a total population
Types of Interviews
- Semi-structured interview: uses an interview schedule and a set of prepared questions that are unchangeable
- Unstructured interview: answers are conversation-like, with questions based on an outline
Research Approaches
- Phenomenology: a qualitative approach that focuses on participants' experiences
Observation Methods
- Naturalistic observation: observing subjects in their natural environment without interference
- Non-naturalistic observation: observing subjects in a controlled environment or using a checklist
Qualitative Research
- Scientific investigation of phenomena, including collection, presentation, analysis, and interpretation of facts
- Focuses on understanding the "what", "why", and "how" of a phenomenon
- Involves categorical data and written reports
Data Analysis
- Code: a word or phrase used to represent subjective data
- Theme: consists of the background of a frequent problem and the clue to find a solution in the research
- Pattern: examining codes and collated data to identify significant broader patterns of meaning
Research Ethics
- Intellectual property (IP) includes research used in the review of literature
- Copyright owners have exclusive rights to reproduction, adaptation, distribution, public performance, and display
- Paraphrasing the abstract of a study is a practice of ethical standard
Research Designs
- Ethnography: focuses on studying cultures and societies by observing and participating in their daily activities
- Case study: primarily concerned with the in-depth analysis of a single or small number of cases
- Historical approach: used to investigate past events, processes, and contexts to understand their significance and impact on the present
Interviews and Questionnaires
- Structured interview: uses a predetermined set of questions to gather feedback
- Open-ended questions: used to gather detailed and subjective information
- Close-ended questionnaires: used to gather specific and quantifiable data
Review of Related Literature
- Purpose: to provide background information and context for the study
- Steps: identifying relevant sources, summarizing key points, and synthesizing information from different sources
- Difference from a review of a related study: provides a broader overview, while a review of a related study is more focused and specific
Writing a Review of Related Literature
- Process: search for literature, read source materials, write a draft, and write the review
- Purpose of citing sources: to avoid plagiarism
Research Methods
- Data gathering instruments: interviews, observation, and questionnaires
- Research design: the process of structuring techniques and strategies to solve problems or answer inquiries
- Participative observation: type of observation that requires the researcher to be involved in the usual activities of the subjects being researched
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Description
Test your understanding of the purpose and steps involved in conducting a review of related literature in a research study, including identifying relevant sources, summarizing key points, and synthesizing information. Also, learn to distinguish between a review of related literature and a review of a related study.