Restorative Justice and Humanist Thinkers

Questions and Answers

Which philosophical influences are noted for their contribution to the perspective mentioned?

John Locke and Thomas Hobbes

Friedrich Nietzsche and Karl Marx

Aristotle and Plato

Jane Addams and Mohandas Gandhi (correct)

What is the concept primarily attributed to applying humanist principles in the context of crime?

Deterrent justice

Punitive justice

Retributive justice

Restorative justice (correct)

What is indicated as a factor contributing to the variety of theories in criminology?

Legal frameworks

Sociological influence

Political ideology (correct)

Economic conditions

How does the diversity in theories of crime compare to sports tactics?

Different situations require different approaches. Signup and view all the answers

What analogy is used to illustrate the variety of approaches in studying crime?

Catching fish Signup and view all the answers

What statement about theories of crime is suggested by the analogy of different baseball pitches?

Theories are complex and multifaceted. Signup and view all the answers

What is implied about the applicability of crime theories in real-world scenarios?

They must be tailored to specific situations. Signup and view all the answers

In the realm of criminology, how are ideological positions categorized?

Conservative, liberal, and radical/critical Signup and view all the answers

What structural factors are predicted to influence delinquent behavior in children?

Household crowding and economic dependence Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following paradigms is considered basic in criminology?

The positivist paradigm Signup and view all the answers

How do sociological theories often explain the relationship between individuals and society?

Through the effects of larger social forces Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of paradigms in criminology?

They govern the nature of social life and knowledge acquisition Signup and view all the answers

What do macro level theories primarily focus on in relation to criminal definitions?

The enforcement of criminal definitions and its societal effects Signup and view all the answers

Which approach combines elements of both positivist and social constructionist paradigms?

Multidimensional approach Signup and view all the answers

What is a common focus of micro level theories regarding crime?

Social interactions and the construction of criminal meanings Signup and view all the answers

What can be a consequence of household crowding according to the theories discussed?

Negative parental interactions Signup and view all the answers

How do individuals contribute to the construction of social reality in relation to crime?

Through a process of sending, receiving, and interpreting messages Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of sociological theories in explaining delinquent behavior?

Broad social dynamics and its impacts Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following correctly describes the level of analysis depicted as concentric circles?

Criminality is at the center with various influences around it. Signup and view all the answers

What is one factor that affects how parents relate to their children, influencing delinquency?

Residential mobility Signup and view all the answers

What might be an interest of macro level theorists when examining criminal events?

Why certain events and people are labeled as criminal Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of theories that bridge macro and micro levels?

They encompass both individual meanings and broader societal influences. Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is least likely to be the focus of micro level theories?

Broad societal influences like the economy Signup and view all the answers

What is one function of criminal definitions according to macro level analysis?

To impact group life and the dynamics of crime Signup and view all the answers

What does the positivist paradigm primarily rely on to explain crime?

Scientific method Signup and view all the answers

According to the social constructionist paradigm, how is crime defined?

By social actors and their interactions Signup and view all the answers

Which question would a positivist theorist most likely ask?

What are the concrete cause(s) of crime? Signup and view all the answers

What kind of theories are formulated to address an extensive range of phenomena?

General theories Signup and view all the answers

What aspect does the social constructionist perspective primarily focus on?

Process of labeling people and actions Signup and view all the answers

Why might criminologists use the social constructionist paradigm?

To examine the impact of societal norms on criminal behavior Signup and view all the answers

Which question would NOT typically be explored by a positivist theorist?

What are the consequences of labeling? Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes general theories from restricted theories?

Restricted theories focus on a single phenomenon. Signup and view all the answers

What primary relationship does Michael Moore explore in Bowling for Columbine?

The relationship between social inequality, opportunity, and violence Signup and view all the answers

In what manner does Moore present his argument in the film?

Using personal stories, interviews, and powerful imagery Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors does Moore associate with gun violence in the film?

Youth alienation, racism, and poverty Signup and view all the answers

What significant event does Moore juxtapose with the Columbine shooting in his film?

The U.S. government's bombing of a factory in Kosovo Signup and view all the answers

Why does Moore interview Marilyn Manson in Bowling for Columbine?

To address the blame placed on artists for violent events Signup and view all the answers

What underlying theme does Bowling for Columbine challenge regarding violence?

That systemic factors contribute significantly to violent behavior Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of American society does Moore particularly focus on in his exploration of crime?

The significant levels of gun violence Signup and view all the answers

What method does Moore use to present the realities of the Columbine shooting?

Showing previously unseen footage of the school shooting Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Humanist Influence on Criminology

Influenced by thinkers like Jane Addams and Mohandas Gandhi, restorative justice emphasizes rehabilitation over punishment.
Crime theories are influenced by diverse political ideologies: conservative, liberal, and radical/critical.

Variety in Crime Theories

Distinct approaches in the study of crime parallel tactics in sports, illustrating that multiple perspectives exist.
Macro-level theories examine social origins of crime definitions and their enforcement, affecting group dynamics.
Micro-level theories focus on individual interactions and social processes that define criminality.

Levels of Analysis in Criminology

Concentric circles model: criminality at the center, surrounded by factors like peer association and socioeconomic influences.
Theories do not always fit neatly into macro or micro categories; some intertwine both levels, such as Laub and Sampson's research on structural factors affecting juvenile delinquency.

Paradigms in Criminological Theory

Two foundational paradigms: positivist and social constructionist.
Positivist Paradigm: Sees crime as an objective phenomenon, analyzed through scientific methods; seeks causal factors and control methods.
Social Constructionist Paradigm: Challenges the notion of crime as an objective reality; focuses on societal definitions and labeling processes.

General vs. Restricted Theories

General theories seek to explain broad phenomena across various contexts; not time- or location-restricted.
Restricted theories address specific aspects of crime or particular contexts.

Pop Culture and Crime Representation

"Bowling for Columbine," by Michael Moore, critically examines social inequality's relationship with crime, particularly gun violence.
The film highlights issues such as youth alienation, racism, and poverty, linking them to systemic violence.
Uses emotional narratives, interviews, and shocking imagery to convey real-world implications of crime.

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Description

Explore the influence of humanist thinkers like Jane Addams and Mohandas Gandhi on crime and criminal justice policy, particularly restorative justice. This quiz delves into various ideological positions surrounding these concepts and their application in contemporary issues.