Resolving Conflict in Restorative Justice - Final Exam Review 2024

Restorative Justice

• Focuses on problem-solving, making things right, and restoring balance and harmony
• Victims have a greater role and voice in determining the outcome of their case
• Wrongdoers must recognize the harm they caused and accept responsibility
• Wrongdoers must make reparation to victims and the community
• Critics argue it's "soft on crime" or an "easy way to avoid prison"

Crisis Prevention Institute (CPI)

• Non-violent crisis intervention strategies
• Philosophy: "Care, welfare, safety, and security"

Debriefing

• Critical Incident Operational Stress Management Debriefing (CISM)
  • Supports healing of emotional impact after traumatic events
  • Provides education on stress effects
  • Analyzes the event, staff response, and identifies training needs
• Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM)
  • Designed for first responders of disasters or traumatic events
  • Structured, organized, and time-sensitive process
  • Done in a safe and confidential environment

Self-Injury

• A normal reaction to an abnormal event
• Types of critical incidents:
  • Any death
  • Hostage taking
  • Witnessing or being involved in an event beyond normal human experience
  • Serious violent act or event
• Self-injury serves as a distraction and relief from emotional pain
• Releases beta-endorphins, creating pleasurable feelings
• Physically and emotionally calming
• Provides validation of control

Self-Injury Process

• Thinking Phase: Trigger event activates flashbacks and negative appraisals
• Feeling Phase: Painful thoughts and feelings resulting in efforts to find comfort
• Behavior Phase: Discomfort increases, leading to thoughts of relief through action
• Release Phase: Self-injury occurs, resulting in relief mixed with fear and guilt

Assisting Someone with Self-Injury

• Don't ignore the injury, express concern
• Avoid angry outbursts or threats of punishment
• Remember the behavior is emotionally charged for the person
• Client may not be able to express feelings

Mental Health Statistics

• By 40 years of age, 1 in 2 Canadians have or have had a mental illness
• 70% of mental health problems onset during childhood or adolescence
• Young people (15-24) are more likely to experience mental illness and/or substance use disorders

Myths about Mental Illness

• People with severe mental illness are not usually dangerous and violent
• Mental health disorders can make a person more likely to require police assistance

Common Mental Health Disorders

• Anxiety disorders (most common)
  • Panic disorder
  • Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
  • Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)
  • Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
  • Specific and social phobias
• ADHD (Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder)
• Bipolar disorder
• Conduct disorder
• Depression (Mood disorder)
• Eating disorders
• Personality disorders
• Schizophrenia
• Substance abuse disorders