Research Ethics

provides guidelines for the responsible conduct of research. In addition, it educates and monitors scientists conducting research to ensure a high ethical standard.

reviews whether the research is ethical enough or not to protect the rights, dignity and welfare of the respondents.

Honestly report data, results, methods and procedures, and publication status. Do not fabricate, falsify, or misrepresent data.

Strive to avoid bias in experimental design, data analysis, data interpretation, peer review, personnel decisions, grant writing, expert testimony, and other aspects of research.

Keep your promises and agreements; act with sincerity; strive for consistency of thought and action.

Avoid careless errors and negligence; carefully and critically examine your own work and the work of your peers. Keep good records of research activities.

Share data, results, ideas, tools, resources. Be open to criticism and new ideas.

Honor patents, copyrights, and other forms of intellectual property. Do not use unpublished data, methods, or results without permission. Give credit where credit is due. Never plagiarize.

Protect confidential communications, such as papers or grants submitted for publication, personnel records, trade or military secrets, and patient records.

Publish in order to advance research and scholarship, not to advance just your own career. Avoid wasteful and duplicative publication.

Help to educate, mentor, and advise students. Promote their welfare and allow them to make their own decisions.

Respect your colleagues and treat them fairly.

Strive to promote social good and prevent or mitigate social harms through research, public education, and advocacy.

Avoid discrimination against colleagues or students on the basis of sex, race, ethnicity, or other factors that are not related to their scientific competence and integrity

Maintain and improve your own professional competence and expertise through lifelong education and learning; take steps to promote competence in science as a whole.

Know and obey relevant laws and institutional and governmental policies.

Show proper respect and care for animals when using them in research. Do not conduct unnecessary or poorly designed animal experiments.

When conducting research on human subjects, minimize harms and risks and maximize benefits; respect human dignity, privacy, and autonomy.

You ensure your work is free of plagiarism or research misconduct, and you accurately represent your results.

Physical, social, psychological and all other types of harm are kept to an absolute minimum.

You know who the participants are but you keep that information hidden from everyone else. You anonymize personally identifiable data so that it can’t be linked to other data by anyone else.

You don’t know the identities of the participants. Personally identifiable data is not collected.