Module 2 Questions Part 5
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of the nasal cavity in the respiratory system?

  • Produce surfactant
  • Provide structural support for the nose
  • Filter, warm, and humidify incoming air (correct)
  • Protect against pathogens
  • Store oxygen for later use

    • Which structure serves as a common passageway for food and air?

  • Esophagus
  • Bronchi
  • Larynx
  • Pharynx (correct)
  • Trachea

    • What type of cartilage is the thyroid cartilage made of?

  • Fibrocartilage
  • Collagenous cartilage
  • Hyaline cartilage (correct)
  • Compact cartilage
  • Elastic cartilage

    • Which part of the larynx is responsible for sound production?

    <p>True vocal cords</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure divides the nasal cavity into two halves?

    <p>Nasal septum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the epiglottis?

    <p>Prevent food from entering the trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure marks the point where the trachea divides into two primary bronchi?

    <p>Carina</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the respiratory system contains C-shaped cartilage rings?

    <p>Trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelium lines the trachea?

    <p>Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bronchi supply the lobes of the lungs?

    <p>Secondary bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of surfactant in the lungs?

    <p>Decrease alveolar surface tension to prevent collapse</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells in the alveoli produce surfactant?

    <p>Type II pneumocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many lobes does the right lung have?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the indentation in the left lung that accommodates the heart?

    <p>Cardiac notch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of tissue forms the respiratory membrane?

    <p>Simple squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the respiratory zone?

    <p>Facilitate gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure in the lungs is the site of gas exchange?

    <p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of pleural fluid?

    <p>Reduce friction between pleural membranes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity?

    <p>Diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What law explains the inverse relationship between pressure and volume in the lungs?

    <p>Boyle's Law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to alveolar pressure during expiration?

    <p>It increases above atmospheric pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for air movement into and out of the lungs?

    <p>Pulmonary ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the thoracic volume during inspiration?

    <p>It increases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What condition occurs when the pleural cavity is exposed to atmospheric air?

    <p>Pneumothorax</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes infant respiratory distress syndrome?

    <p>Inadequate surfactant production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of alveolar macrophages?

    <p>Remove debris and pathogens from alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prevents alveoli from collapsing during expiration?

    <p>Surfactant production by type II pneumocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle is primarily responsible for quiet inspiration?

    <p>Diaphragm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During labored breathing, which muscles assist with forced expiration?

    <p>Internal intercostals and abdominal muscles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the trachea remain open despite changes in pressure?

    <p>C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the diaphragm during quiet expiration?

    <p>It relaxes and moves upward.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the respiratory membrane being very thin?

    <p>Enhances oxygen and carbon dioxide diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to thoracic volume during forced inspiration?

    <p>It increases significantly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure supplies air to the bronchopulmonary segments?

    <p>Tertiary bronchi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What region of the respiratory tract contains the carina?

    <p>Trachea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the pleural cavity in the respiratory system?

    <p>Maintain negative pressure for lung expansion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelium is found in the alveolar walls?

    <p>Simple squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region of the respiratory tract contains the vocal cords?

    <p>Larynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of Type I pneumocytes?

    <p>Facilitate gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to pleural pressure during inspiration?

    <p>It decreases below atmospheric pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure connects the pharynx to the trachea?

    <p>Larynx</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of goblet cells in the respiratory system?

    <p>Secrete mucus to trap debris</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to alveolar pressure when thoracic volume increases?

    <p>Alveolar pressure decreases.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the hilum in the lungs?

    <p>Serve as an entry and exit point for bronchi and blood vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure increases the surface area for gas exchange in the lungs?

    <p>Alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What prevents the trachea from collapsing?

    <p>Hyaline cartilage rings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes air to flow out of the lungs during expiration?

    <p>Increased alveolar pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the conducting zone of the respiratory tract?

    <p>Passageways that move air to the respiratory zone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when pleural pressure becomes equal to atmospheric pressure?

    <p>The lungs collapse (pneumothorax).</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Respiratory System Functions and Structures

    • Nasal Cavity Function: Filtering, warming, and humidifying incoming air.
    • Common Passageway: The pharynx serves as a common passageway for both food and air.
    • Thyroid Cartilage Composition: Hyaline cartilage.
    • Sound Production: Sound production occurs in the larynx's true vocal cords.
    • Nasal Cavity Division: The nasal septum divides the nasal cavity into two halves.
    • Epiglottis Function: Prevents food from entering the trachea.
    • Trachea Division Point: The carina marks where the trachea divides into two primary bronchi.
    • Trachea Structure: The trachea has C-shaped cartilage rings.
    • Trachea Epithelium: Pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium lines the trachea..
    • Bronchi Supplying Lungs: Secondary bronchi supply the lobes of the lungs.
    • Surfactant Role: Decreasing alveolar surface tension, preventing alveolar collapse.
    • Surfactant Production Cells: Type II pneumocytes produce surfactant in the alveoli.
    • Right Lung Lobes: The right lung has three lobes.
    • Cardiac Notch Location: The cardiac notch is an indentation in the left lung.
    • Respiratory Membrane Composition: Simple squamous epithelium.
    • Respiratory Zone Function: Facilitating gas exchange.
    • Gas Exchange Site: Alveoli are the site of gas exchange.
    • Pleural Fluid Function: Reducing friction between pleural membranes during lung expansion and contraction.

    Additional Respiratory Details

    • Thoracic Volume During Inspiration: Increases.
    • Pneumothorax: Occurs when the pleural cavity is exposed to atmospheric air.
    • Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome Cause: Inadequate surfactant production.
    • Alveolar Macrophages Role: Removing debris and pathogens from the alveoli.
    • Alveolar Collapse Prevention: Surfactant production by type II pneumocytes.
    • Glottis Function: Acts as the opening between the vocal cords.
    • Quiet Inspiration Muscle: The diaphragm.
    • Forced Expiration Muscles: Internal intercostals and abdominal muscles.
    • Trachea Support: C-shaped hyaline cartilage.
    • Pressure-Volume Relationship: Boyle's law.
    • Alveolar Pressure During Expiration: Increases above atmospheric pressure.
    • Ventilation Term: Pulmonary ventilation.
    • Respiratory Membrane Thinness Significance: Enhancing oxygen and carbon dioxide diffusion.
    • Thoracic Volume Forced Inspiration Changes: Increases significantly.
    • Bronchopulmonary Segment Air Supply: Tertiary bronchi.
    • Respiratory Tract Carina Location: Trachea.
    • Pleural Cavity Role: Maintaining negative pressure for lung expansion.
    • Alveolar Wall Epithelium: Simple squamous epithelium.
    • Vocal Cord Location: Larynx.
    • Type I Pneumocytes Function: Facilitating gas exchange.
    • Pleural Pressure During Inspiration: Decreases below atmospheric pressure.
    • Pharynx to Trachea Connection: Larynx.
    • Goblet Cell Function: Secreting mucus to trap inhaled debris.
    • Alveolar Pressure Changes with Thoracic Volume: Alveolar pressure decreases when thoracic volume increases, and increases during expiration.
    • Hilum Function: Serving as an entry and exit point for bronchi and blood vessels.
    • Structures Increasing Gas Exchange Surface Area: Alveoli.
    • Trachea Collapse Prevention: C-shaped hyaline cartilage rings.
    • Expiration Airflow Cause: Increased alveolar pressure.

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    Module 2 Questions Part 5 PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the functions and structures of the respiratory system. This quiz covers key topics such as the nasal cavity, trachea, and sound production in the larynx. Challenge yourself and solidify your understanding of how the respiratory system operates.

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