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Questions and Answers
Which structure is part of the upper respiratory tract?
Which structure is part of the upper respiratory tract?
- Lungs
- Bronchi
- Trachea (correct)
- Alveoli
What is the primary function of the paranasal sinuses?
What is the primary function of the paranasal sinuses?
- To filter air
- To assist in digestion
- To facilitate gas exchange
- To produce mucus (correct)
Which segment correctly lists the divisions of the small intestine?
Which segment correctly lists the divisions of the small intestine?
- Duodenum, Ileum, Stomach
- Jejunum, Ileum, Rectum
- Duodenum, Jejunum, Ileum (correct)
- Ileum, Colon, Duodenum
What anatomical structure connects the pharynx to the stomach?
What anatomical structure connects the pharynx to the stomach?
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Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of the digestive system?
Which of the following is NOT an accessory organ of the digestive system?
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Which part of the lung is divided into lobes by fissures?
Which part of the lung is divided into lobes by fissures?
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What is the function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?
What is the function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?
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Which of these structures is located in the lower respiratory tract?
Which of these structures is located in the lower respiratory tract?
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Study Notes
Respiratory System
- Upper Respiratory Tract: Nose, Nasal cavity, Sinuses, Pharynx, Larynx (Voice box), Trachea
- Lower Respiratory Tract: Lungs, Large airways (bronchi), Small airways (bronchioles), Air sacs (alveoli)
- Paranasal sinuses are air-filled spaces named according to their associated bones: maxillary, frontal, sphenoidal, and ethmoidal sinuses
- Pharynx is a funnel-shaped muscular tube with three parts: the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx
- Larynx is a complex hollow structure formed of a cartilaginous skeleton connected by membranes, ligaments, and associated muscles
- Trachea is made up of 16 to 20 C-shaped cartilaginous rings connected by a narrow thin membrane
- Lungs are spongy organs located within the thoracic cavity
- Right lung has 3 lobes
- Left lung has 2 lobes
- Bronchial Tree: The trachea bifurcates into the left and right main bronchi, one for each lung.
- Main bronchus
- Secondary bronchi
- Segmental bronchi
- Bronchioles
- Respiratory bronchioles
- Terminal bronchioles
- Alveoli
Digestive System
- Alimentary Tract: Mouth, Pharynx & Esophagus, Stomach, Small and Large Intestine
- Accessory Organs: Salivary Glands, Liver, Gallbladder, Pancreas
- Mouth (Oral cavity): First part of the digestive tract
- Esophagus: Muscular tube connecting pharynx and stomach
- Stomach: Receives food from the esophagus
- Small Intestine: Divided into duodenum, jejunum, and ileum
- Large Intestine: Consists of colon, rectum, and anal canal
- Rectum and Anal canal: Rectum connects sigmoid colon to the anal canal and has a thick muscular layer
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