Podcast
Questions and Answers
Air enters through the mouth and nose and is warmed. It moves to the ____, the chamber behind the mouth. This tube leads into two other tubes.
Air enters through the mouth and nose and is warmed. It moves to the ____, the chamber behind the mouth. This tube leads into two other tubes.
After air moves through the pharynx it continues downward. The _________ directs the air into two separate branches or tubes.
After air moves through the pharynx it continues downward. The _________ directs the air into two separate branches or tubes.
There are two branches of the trachea that direct air to the lungs. These tubes are called ____. They connect each of the two lungs to the windpipe.
There are two branches of the trachea that direct air to the lungs. These tubes are called ____. They connect each of the two lungs to the windpipe.
The lungs are filled with tiny air sacs for the exchange of gases. These very tiny sacs are called ____ and are surrounded by blood vessels.
The lungs are filled with tiny air sacs for the exchange of gases. These very tiny sacs are called ____ and are surrounded by blood vessels.
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The tiny blood vessels surrounding the alveoli are essential for transferring these two gases. These blood vessels, called ____, are the smallest of all blood vessels.
The tiny blood vessels surrounding the alveoli are essential for transferring these two gases. These blood vessels, called ____, are the smallest of all blood vessels.
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Which of the following structures is not part of the upper respiratory tract?
Which of the following structures is not part of the upper respiratory tract?
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Which part of the respiratory system does not function as an air distributor?
Which part of the respiratory system does not function as an air distributor?
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What is the superior opening of the larynx?
What is the superior opening of the larynx?
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Which of the following is not a function of the nose?
Which of the following is not a function of the nose?
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The fluid coating the alveoli that reduces surface tension, preventing alveoli from collapsing is called
The fluid coating the alveoli that reduces surface tension, preventing alveoli from collapsing is called
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Which of the following is not a true statement?
Which of the following is not a true statement?
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When the diaphragm contracts, the volume of the thorax increases and thoracic pressure
When the diaphragm contracts, the volume of the thorax increases and thoracic pressure
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Increasing the carbon dioxide in the blood results in
Increasing the carbon dioxide in the blood results in
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Approximately 70% of carbon dioxide is transported as ________, whereas the 10% is transported dissolved in ___________.
Approximately 70% of carbon dioxide is transported as ________, whereas the 10% is transported dissolved in ___________.
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Most of the oxygen transported by the blood is
Most of the oxygen transported by the blood is
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Which of the following does not occur during inspiration?
Which of the following does not occur during inspiration?
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The basic rhythm of the respiratory cycle is generated by the
The basic rhythm of the respiratory cycle is generated by the
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Areas where gas exchange cannot take place are
Areas where gas exchange cannot take place are
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Quiet inspiration occurs when the diaphragm and _________ intercostals _______
Quiet inspiration occurs when the diaphragm and _________ intercostals _______
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Under normal conditions, air in the atmosphere exerts a pressure of
Under normal conditions, air in the atmosphere exerts a pressure of
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The exchange of gases in the alveoli occurs via
The exchange of gases in the alveoli occurs via
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The epiglottis prevents food from entering the airway when swallowing.
The epiglottis prevents food from entering the airway when swallowing.
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The pharynx is a tubelike structure that opens only into the mouth and larynx.
The pharynx is a tubelike structure that opens only into the mouth and larynx.
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The pharynx is known as the voice box.
The pharynx is known as the voice box.
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The rings of cartilage surrounding the trachea prevent it from collapsing and shutting off the vital airway.
The rings of cartilage surrounding the trachea prevent it from collapsing and shutting off the vital airway.
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The trachea divides into secondary bronchi.
The trachea divides into secondary bronchi.
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The left lung is divided into three lobes by the oblique and horizontal fissures.
The left lung is divided into three lobes by the oblique and horizontal fissures.
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It is not possible to exhale all of the air from your lungs.
It is not possible to exhale all of the air from your lungs.
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Air in the pleural space of the thoracic cavity is called a pneumothorax.
Air in the pleural space of the thoracic cavity is called a pneumothorax.
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The membrane directly lining the lungs is the parietal pleura.
The membrane directly lining the lungs is the parietal pleura.
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During normal, quiet respiration, the amount of air exchanged between the lungs and atmosphere is called:
During normal, quiet respiration, the amount of air exchanged between the lungs and atmosphere is called:
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The largest amount of air that can enter and leave the lungs during respiration is:
The largest amount of air that can enter and leave the lungs during respiration is:
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The volume remaining in the respiratory tract after maximum expiration is:
The volume remaining in the respiratory tract after maximum expiration is:
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The amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after expiring the tidal volume is:
The amount of air that can be forcibly exhaled after expiring the tidal volume is:
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Vital capacity plus residual volume is:
Vital capacity plus residual volume is:
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Amount of air that can be inhaled during forced breathing in addition to tidal volume is:
Amount of air that can be inhaled during forced breathing in addition to tidal volume is:
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Accelerated respiration is called:
Accelerated respiration is called:
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Dyspnea that occurs when a person is lying down is called:
Dyspnea that occurs when a person is lying down is called:
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Reduced pulmonary ventilation is called:
Reduced pulmonary ventilation is called:
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Increased pulmonary ventilation in excess of metabolic demand is called:
Increased pulmonary ventilation in excess of metabolic demand is called:
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Normal, relaxed, quiet breathing is called:
Normal, relaxed, quiet breathing is called:
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Labored, gasping breathing; shortness of breath is called:
Labored, gasping breathing; shortness of breath is called:
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Temporary cessation of breathing is called:
Temporary cessation of breathing is called:
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Permanent cessation of breathing is called:
Permanent cessation of breathing is called:
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Increased rate and depth of breathing in response to exercise, pain, or other conditions is called:
Increased rate and depth of breathing in response to exercise, pain, or other conditions is called:
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Deficiency of oxygen is called:
Deficiency of oxygen is called:
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Malignancy of pulmonary tissue is called:
Malignancy of pulmonary tissue is called:
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Very serious, chronic, and highly infectious disease that prevents lung compliance is called:
Very serious, chronic, and highly infectious disease that prevents lung compliance is called:
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Displacement of nasal septum is called:
Displacement of nasal septum is called:
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Nosebleed is called:
Nosebleed is called:
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Inflammation of mucosa in the nasal cavity (common cold) is called:
Inflammation of mucosa in the nasal cavity (common cold) is called:
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Inflammation of your pharynx (sore throat) is called:
Inflammation of your pharynx (sore throat) is called:
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Inflammation of the vocal cords (temporarily lose voice) is called:
Inflammation of the vocal cords (temporarily lose voice) is called:
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Harsh, vibrating cough affecting infants is called:
Harsh, vibrating cough affecting infants is called:
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Inflammation due to common infection of the bronchial tree is called:
Inflammation due to common infection of the bronchial tree is called:
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Upper respiratory infection due to bacteria is called:
Upper respiratory infection due to bacteria is called:
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Long-term obstruction of airflow and a substantial reduction in pulmonary ventilation is called:
Long-term obstruction of airflow and a substantial reduction in pulmonary ventilation is called:
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Bronchioconstriction due to allergens is called:
Bronchioconstriction due to allergens is called:
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Accumulation of mucous in the respiratory tract due to genetic defect is called:
Accumulation of mucous in the respiratory tract due to genetic defect is called:
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Lower respiratory infection of the alveoli that causes fluid build-up in the lungs due to bacteria and viruses is called:
Lower respiratory infection of the alveoli that causes fluid build-up in the lungs due to bacteria and viruses is called:
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Alveolar walls break down and the surface area of the lungs is reduced is called:
Alveolar walls break down and the surface area of the lungs is reduced is called:
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Superficial lung tissue becomes inflamed, resulting in a sharp pain in the chest that is worse with breathing, cough, chest tenderness, and shortness of breath is called:
Superficial lung tissue becomes inflamed, resulting in a sharp pain in the chest that is worse with breathing, cough, chest tenderness, and shortness of breath is called:
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Study Notes
Respiratory System Overview
- Air enters through the mouth and nose, warmed as it moves to the pharynx.
- Pharynx leads to the larynx, which directs air to the trachea and bronchi.
- Bronchi are the two branches of the trachea that connect to each lung, facilitating air entry.
Gas Exchange Mechanism
- The lungs contain alveoli, tiny air sacs where oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs.
- Surrounding the alveoli are capillaries, the smallest blood vessels that enable gas exchange by transporting red blood cells.
Respiratory Functions and Structures
- The nose moistens and warms air, acts as a resonating chamber, and detects odors but does not ingest food.
- The epiglottis prevents food from entering the airway during swallowing.
- Trachea is not part of the upper respiratory tract; it divides into two primary bronchi.
Breathing Mechanics
- Diaphragm contraction increases thoracic volume and decreases pressure, drawing air into the lungs.
- Inspiration involves diaphragm and external intercostals contracting for effective airflow.
- Quiet inspiration refers to normal breathing without exertion.
Lung Capacity and Volumes
- Tidal volume is the amount of air exchanged during normal respiration.
- Vital capacity is the maximum air volume that can be expelled after full inhalation.
- Residual volume is the air remaining in the lungs after maximum expiration.
- Total lung capacity includes vital capacity and residual volume.
Respiratory Patterns and Conditions
- Hyperpnea refers to increased breathing due to exercise or pain, while hypoventilation indicates reduced ventilation.
- Eupnea describes normal, relaxed breathing, whereas dyspnea denotes labored breathing.
- Apnea is a temporary cessation of breathing, while tachypnea is a rapid breathing rate.
Respiratory Disorders
- Tuberculosis is a serious infectious disease that impacts lung compliance.
- COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease) involves airflow obstruction and reduced ventilation.
- Asthma causes bronchoconstriction due to allergens, while cystic fibrosis leads to mucus accumulation in the respiratory tract.
- Pneumonia is a lower respiratory infection characterized by fluid buildup in the alveoli.
Inflammation and Infection
- Rhinitis is inflammation of the nasal mucosa, while sinusitis involves inflammation of the sinuses.
- Pharyngitis refers to the inflammation of the pharynx, often resulting in a sore throat.
- Laryngitis is inflammation of the vocal cords, causing temporary voice loss.
Respiratory Anatomy Facts
- Pleura membranes line the lungs with parietal and visceral layers.
- The trachea is reinforced with cartilage rings to prevent collapse.
- Gas exchange in alveoli occurs via simple diffusion, maintaining efficient respiratory function.
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Test your knowledge of the respiratory system with these flashcards. Each card presents a question related to the anatomy and function of the respiratory system. Perfect for students looking to enhance their understanding of how we breathe.
