Respiratory System Equations and Volumes Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What does FRC stand for in the context of lung capacity?

  • Final Respiration Calculation
  • Functional Residual Capacity (correct)
  • Free Respiratory Conclusion
  • Full Remaining Capacity

    • What does the equation IC=VT+IRV 2 represent in terms of lung capacity?

  • Inspiratory Capacity (correct)
  • Inspiratory Reserve Volume
  • Expiratory Capacity
  • Expiratory Reserve Volume

    • When is Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) measured?

  • At the peak of inhalation
  • After exhaling
  • During inspiration
  • Before exhaling (correct)

    • What happens to Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) during heavy exercise?

    <p>Decreases slightly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lung capacity refers to the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal inhalation?

    <p>Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for cardiac output as mentioned in the text?

    <p>CO = SV x HR</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the stroke volume is 80 ml and the heart rate is 60 beats per minute, what would be the cardiac output based on the formula provided?

    <p>1400 ml/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system can also have its output calculated using the same formula as for the cardiac system according to the text?

    <p>Respiratory system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If someone has a stroke volume of 50 ml and a heart rate of 90 beats per minute, what would be their expected cardiac output based on the given formula?

    <p>4500 ml/min</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would happen to the cardiac output if both stroke volume and heart rate were doubled compared to the values given in the text?

    <p>It would quadruple</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do the muscles of the respiratory system consume only 2% of total Oxygen consumption?

    <p>They are very efficient and only need oxygen during contraction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a disease affecting the lungs impact the body's oxygen consumption?

    <p>It increases the effort needed for oxygen consumption and ATP usage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In cases where the lungs are diseased, what percentage of oxygen consumption can be utilized due to increased effort?

    <p>Around 80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of a high ATP and Oxygen consumption due to lung disease?

    <p>Increased body fatigue that could lead to death.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is a malfunction in the lungs affecting the body's overall oxygen usage critical?

    <p>Because it could lead to a significant increase in energy demand.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Respiratory Minute Ventilation (RMV) measure?

    <p>Volume of air inhaled or exhaled per minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about Respiratory Minute Ventilation (RMV)?

    <p>It is measured in liters per minute</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is understanding Respiratory Minute Ventilation (RMV) important?

    <p>To monitor breathing efficiency and gas exchange in the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following directly affects the Respiratory Minute Ventilation (RMV) of an individual?

    <p>Physical activity level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to Respiratory Minute Ventilation (RMV) during exercise?

    <p>It increases to meet the oxygen demand of the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is physiological dead space equal to?

    <p>Anatomic plus wasted volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which volume in the respiratory zone does not take part in gas exchange?

    <p>Alveolar wasted volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the volume of alveolar wasted volume?

    <p>Zero ml</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of volume is left when alveolar wasted volume is considered zero ml?

    <p>Physiological dead space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes up the physiological dead space?

    <p>Anatomic and wasted volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ratio V/Q represent in the context of lung function?

    <p>Volume of air inhaled vs. volume of blood flow in the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term defines the volume of air that reaches the alveoli without being perfused?

    <p>Dead Space Volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the heart facilitate the lungs in receiving air and blood in the thorax?

    <p>By neighboring the lungs and aiding in ventilation-perfusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of ventilation and perfusion for proper lung function?

    <p>They maintain a balanced V/Q ratio for optimal gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to any volume that reaches the alveoli without being perfused according to the text?

    <p>It is considered a Wasting Volume as it lacks blood for gas exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is the ratio between ventilation and perfusion (V/Q) important for lung function?

    <p>It ensures a proper balance for efficient gas exchange in the lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a Wasting Volume impact the functionality of the lungs?

    <p>It prevents efficient gas exchange in alveoli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered a Must for the lungs to work properly according to the text?

    <p>Ventilation and perfusion (V/Q)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the heart's location near the lungs aid in respiratory function?

    <p>By supporting ventilation and perfusion processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of Oxygen consumption can the body end up utilizing if the lungs suffer from a certain disease, resulting in increased effort for Oxygen consumption and ATP usage?

    <p>80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do the muscles of the respiratory system consume only 2% of total Oxygen consumption?

    <p>They are needed only in one direction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a disease affecting the lungs impact Oxygen consumption and ATP usage?

    <p>Increases Oxygen consumption and ATP usage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of the lungs being affected by a certain disease and the body having to make a lot of effort in Oxygen consumption and ATP usage?

    <p>Potential exhaustion and death from Fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it critical for the lungs to work properly in the context of overall oxygen usage according to the text?

    <p>A malfunction in the lungs can significantly increase overall oxygen utilization.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of lung function is impacted by a diseased lung affecting the body's overall oxygen usage?

    <p>V/Q ratio</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During heavy exercise, what happens to the alveolar wasted volume in the lungs?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lung capacity reflects the volume of air remaining in the lungs after a forceful exhalation?

    <p>Residual volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a high physiological dead space impact the respiratory system's efficiency?

    <p>Reduces alveolar ventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term defines the air within the respiratory zone that does not participate in gas exchange?

    <p>Anatomical dead space</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What volume is exhaled by the expiration muscles of the abdomen and internal intercostal muscles during forceful expiration?

    <p>1.1L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term is used to refer to the volume exhaled by the expiration muscles during forceful expiration?

    <p>Expiratory Reserve Volume (ERV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What would be the remaining lung volume after exhaling the Expiratory Reserved Volume during forceful expiration?

    <p>Residual Volume (RV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is another name for the resting volume that can be exhaled by the expiration muscles during forceful expiration?

    <p>Tidal Volume (VT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which lung capacity reflects the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a normal exhalation and before forced exhalation?

    <p>Inspiratory Reserve Volume (IRV)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the pressure in A is not equal to the pressure in B, what does this imply for ΔP (Driving Force) and flow?

    <p>ΔP is not zero and there is flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does a scenario where the pressure in A exceeds the pressure in B influence the flow of fluid?

    <p>Decreases flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a system where the driving force (ΔP) is very high, what effect does this have on the fluid flow?

    <p>Increases flow rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When there is equal pressure between A and B, what can be inferred about the resistance to flow in this scenario?

    <p>Resistance to flow is infinite</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does ΔP play when determining if there will be any fluid flow between two points?

    <p>Determines the direction of flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total lung capacity (TLC) if the Tidal Volume (VT) is 500ml, Inspiratory Reserved Volume (IRV) is 3L, and the Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) is 2.2L?

    <p>7.2L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the Vital Capacity (VC) if the Inspiratory Reserved Volume (IRV) is 3L and the Expiratory Reserved Volume (ERV) is 1L?

    <p>2L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much air is inhaled during a forceful inspiration when the Expiratory Reserved Volume (ERV) is 1L and the Inspiratory Reserved Volume (IRV) is 3L?

    <p>2L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a person has an Inspiratory Capacity (IC) of 3.5L and a Tidal Volume (VT) of 500ml, what is their Expiratory Reserved Volume (ERV)?

    <p>1.5L</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What volume represents the air in the lungs after a normal exhalation if Inspiratory Reserved Volume (IRV) is 3L and Tidal Volume (VT) is 500ml?

    <p>2.2L</p> Signup and view all the answers

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