Respiratory System - Chapter 1
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Questions and Answers

What is the process called through which atmospheric air is directed through the air passage ways up to the alveoli in the lungs?

  • Alveolar sacs
  • Respiration
  • Exhalation
  • Inspiration (correct)
  • What happens to the volume of thorax (chest) during inspiration?

  • It becomes flat
  • It decreases
  • It remains unchanged
  • It increases (correct)
  • What is the role of intercostal muscles during expiration?

  • They remain unchanged
  • They contract
  • They become flat
  • They relax (correct)
  • What forces the air present in the lungs to move outside through the body during expiration?

    <p>Increased pressure on lungs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which process involves the external air rushing inside from high pressure to low pressure?

    <p>Inspiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gas is primarily responsible for the gaseous exchange in alveoli?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the composition of oxygen in inspired air as a percentage?

    <p>About 21%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of passing exhaled air into lime water as demonstrated in Fig. 1.6?

    <p>To demonstrate the release of carbon dioxide during expiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are alveoli and blood capillaries only one cell layered in thickness?

    <p>To increase the surface area for gaseous exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of hemoglobin in the gaseous exchange process in alveoli?

    <p>To transport oxygen to body tissues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process in which a machine functions like lungs when a patient's natural breathing becomes difficult?

    <p>Artificial ventilator</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the gradual increase in concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood that causes an increase in breathing rate?

    <p>Hyperventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the additional amount of oxygen required after anaerobic respiration, which is obtained through deep breaths?

    <p>Oxygen debt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the brain regulates the involuntary process of breathing?

    <p>Medulla oblongata</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes pain and cramp in normal muscles as a result of anaerobic respiration?

    <p>Lactic acid formation</p> Signup and view all the answers

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