Respiratory System Chapter 1

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What is the function of the pharyngeal reflex?

To help in the digestion of food
To regulate breathing
To protect the airway (correct)
To aid in vocalization

What is the function of the Eustachian tubes?

To connect the middle ear to the pharynx (correct)
To connect the oral cavity to the pharynx
To connect the nasal cavity to the pharynx
To connect the larynx to the pharynx

What is the name of the cartilage that lies just below the thyroid cartilage?

Epiglottis
Cricoid cartilage (correct)
Thyroid cartilage
Hyoid bone

What is the name of the space between the vocal cords?

Glottis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the tonsils located in the oropharynx?

Palatine tonsils (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the landmark used for the insertion of an endotracheal tube?

Vallecula epiglottica (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

To absorb O2 and excrete CO2 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the upper airways?

To filter, warm, and humidify inhaled air (A) Signup and view all the answers

Where are the olfactory cells that provide the sense of smell located?

In the nasal cavities (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the sinuses?

To reduce the weight of the head and strengthen the skull (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the goblet cells and submucosal glands in the nasal cavity and sinuses?

To produce surface fluid for humidification (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the production of sound waves using the vocal cords?

Phonation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of cilia in the mucociliary escalator?

To propel mucus toward the pharynx (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate length of the trachea?

11-13 cm (B) Signup and view all the answers

At what angle does the right bronchus branch?

25 degree angle (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the trachealis muscle?

To connect the tips of the C-shaped cartilage (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the point where the trachea divides into two main stem bronchi?

Carina (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the diameter of the bronchi when they reach the final generation?

Less than 1 mm (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of alveoli?

To manufacture and store surfactant (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the typical volume of anatomic deadspace in an adult?

2 ml/kg of lean body weight (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the smallest airway that constitutes anatomic deadspace?

Terminal bronchiole (C) Signup and view all the answers

How many segments are typically found in the right lung?

10 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the diameter of the terminal bronchioles?

0.5 mm (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the functional units of the lung that include respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveolar clusters?

Acinus (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of conducting airways?

To convey gas from URT to lung parenchyma (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the opening of the upper airway?

Patency (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most numerous cell type in the mucosa layer of the airway wall?

Columnar epithelia (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the process of extending the head to open the airway?

Sniffing (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the respiratory airways?

To participate in gas exchange with blood (A) Signup and view all the answers