27 Questions
What is the main function of the conducting zone in the respiratory system?
Allowing air to go in and out
Where is the tip of the nose located anatomically?
At the apex
Which structure in the respiratory system disrupts air flow to clean and warm incoming air?
Conchae
What is the role of defensins in the respiratory system?
Fighting infections
Which structure helps close the trachea while swallowing food?
Epiglottis
Why does cold air slow down the cilia in the respiratory system?
To trap debris effectively
What is the main cause of alkaline pH in the blood associated with hyperventilation?
Increased ventilation without oxygen demand
At what altitude will the hemoglobin saturation be only about 67%?
19,000 feet
Why does exercise pose a problem at higher altitudes?
Low oxygen reserve in the veins
How is acute mountain sickness (AMS) treated?
By descending to a lower altitude and higher oxygen pressure
What is the main purpose of acclimatization at high altitudes?
Allowing the body to adjust to lower oxygen levels
When does fetal breathing movement typically begin during pregnancy?
Around week 20
What is the main function of the alveolar macrophages mentioned in the text?
To clean debris and kill pathogens
Which structure divides the trachea into right and left primary bronchi?
Larynx
What is the function of the pulmonary artery as described in the text?
Carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs
Which factor influences ventilation due to the size of the lungs and airway passage?
Lung volume
What is the primary cause of inspiration in a respiratory cycle?
Contraction of diaphragm
Which measure represents the total air capacity of the lungs, including all volumes?
Total lung capacity (TLC)
What controls the respiratory rate and adjusts it based on oxygen, carbon dioxide, and pH levels?
Medulla oblongata
Which condition describes air that never reaches the alveoli?
Anatomical dead space
What is one of the structures that branches out from each bronchus to form a bronchial tree?
Tertiary bronchus
What is the role of the dorsal respiratory group (DRG) in the medulla oblongata?
Sends signals for diaphragm and intercostal muscle contraction
What happens in the medulla oblongata when there is an increase in hydrogen ions due to the presence of carbon dioxide?
Ventilation increases to remove carbon dioxide
Which statement is true regarding the role of peripheral chemoreceptors?
Detect a small decrease in oxygen levels
According to Dalton’s Law, what is the relationship between gases in a mixture?
Sum of each gas pressure is equal to the total pressure
How does a high level of oxygen in the alveoli affect bronchodilation?
Leads to pulmonary arteriole dilation
In which process does oxygen leave the blood during respiration?
Internal respiration
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the respiratory system, including the structure and function of the nose, conchae, and nasal cavity. Learn about the conducting zone, sense of smell, and the different parts of the nose.
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