Respiratory Physiology Quiz

What is the definition of hyperpnea?

Increased depth and rate of breathing (correct)
Cessation of breathing
Decreased depth and rate of breathing
Rapid shallow breathing

What is the triphasic response in ventilation?

4 phases of response
2 phases of response
5 phases of response
3 phases of response (correct)

What is the physiological dead space primarily due to?

Reduced alveolar ventilation
Decreased breathing rate
Non-perfused alveoli (correct)
Lack of oxygen in the air

What is the minute ventilation (VE) equal to?

Frequency multiplied by tidal volume (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of 'ventilatory drift'?

Rise in ventilation after a period of exercise (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for not taking a big breath every time?

Dead space to tidal volume ratio (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the anatomical dead space approximately equal to for an average person?

150 mL (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does the VD/VT ratio measure?

Gas exchange efficiency (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the tidal volume (VT) responsible for during exercise?

Initial increase in minute ventilation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor affecting minute ventilation during exercise?

Work rate (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of peripheral chemoreceptors?

Detect hypoxia and hypercapnia (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of bronchodilation?

Decreases resistance in airways with exercise (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Haldane effect?

Kicks off CO2 from hemoglobin at the lungs (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a left shift in the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve?

Enhances oxygen binding to hemoglobin (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the Bohr effect?

Decreases affinity of oxygen for hemoglobin (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the central chemoreceptors?

Detect pH (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the bicarbonate buffering system?

Regulates blood pH by removing H+ ions (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of hyperpnea?

Hyperventilation during heavy exercise (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the a-vO2 difference?

Tells the difference in energy production/consumption (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of alveolar ventilation (VA)?

Calculates the volume of fresh air reaching the alveoli per minute (A) Signup and view all the answers

During incremental exercise, what happens to the venous blood saturation as workload increases?

It decreases and plateaus around 80% of max intensity (B) Signup and view all the answers

What causes the A-a (alveolar to arterial) PO2 difference during incremental exercise?

Increase in tidal volume causing VD/VT ratio (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the O2 extraction from blood during incremental exercise?

It plateaus around 50% of max work rate (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of Exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH)?

Condition when O2 carried in arterial blood is severely reduced (A) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the atmospheric pressure at altitude compared to sea level?

It is lower at altitude (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of higher intensity exercise on arterial CO2 levels?

Arterial CO2 levels drop off (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the O2 levels in muscle during incremental exercise?

O2 levels plateau around 50% of max intensity (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of increase in tidal volume on the VD/VT ratio?

It causes VD/VT ratio to increase (C) Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the alveolar ventilation during incremental exercise?

It follows minute ventilation (C) Signup and view all the answers

What causes the pressure to be lower at altitude?

Atmospheric pressure is lower at altitude (A) Signup and view all the answers