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Questions and Answers
The FEF 25-75 is measured using which of the following pulmonary function tests?
The FEF 25-75 is measured using which of the following pulmonary function tests?
B. FVC
Which of the following pulmonary function values are increased in patients with emphysema?
Which of the following pulmonary function values are increased in patients with emphysema?
D. MVV
To best determine an asthmatic's response to a bronchodilator, which of the following tests should be performed before and after the use of a bronchodilator?
To best determine an asthmatic's response to a bronchodilator, which of the following tests should be performed before and after the use of a bronchodilator?
C. peak flow
The respiratory care practitioner explains to the patient at his bedside to take the deepest breath he can and exhale completely as fast and forcefully as possible. From this instruction, the practitioner will be able to measure the patient's
The respiratory care practitioner explains to the patient at his bedside to take the deepest breath he can and exhale completely as fast and forcefully as possible. From this instruction, the practitioner will be able to measure the patient's
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Below are the results of a patient's spirometry test before and after a bronchodilator is administered.
Before After
FEV1 38% of predicted 55% of predicted
FVC 40% of predicted 59% of predicted
FEV1/FVC 42% 61%
Which of the following is the correct interpretation of these results?
Below are the results of a patient's spirometry test before and after a bronchodilator is administered.
Before After FEV1 38% of predicted 55% of predicted FVC 40% of predicted 59% of predicted FEV1/FVC 42% 61%
Which of the following is the correct interpretation of these results?
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Vital capacity is defined as the sum of which of the following?
Vital capacity is defined as the sum of which of the following?
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Below are the results of a PFT performed on a 52-year-old male patient.
Actual Predicted %Predicted
VC 2.1 L 3.2 L 66%
FRC 1.4 L 2.2 L 64%
TLC 2.8 L 4.3 L 65%
RV .84 L 1.2 L 70%
FEV1% 84% 76%
FEF25-75 4.2 L 4.5 L 93%
These results indicate which of the following?
Below are the results of a PFT performed on a 52-year-old male patient.
Actual Predicted %Predicted VC 2.1 L 3.2 L 66% FRC 1.4 L 2.2 L 64% TLC 2.8 L 4.3 L 65% RV .84 L 1.2 L 70% FEV1% 84% 76% FEF25-75 4.2 L 4.5 L 93%
These results indicate which of the following?
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Below are PFT values obtained on a 47-year-old female patient.
Actual Predicted %Predicted
VC 2.24 L 3.5 L 64%
TLC 3.51 L 5.4 L 65%
FEV/FVC 68% 75%
These results are indicative of which of the following?
Below are PFT values obtained on a 47-year-old female patient.
Actual Predicted %Predicted VC 2.24 L 3.5 L 64% TLC 3.51 L 5.4 L 65% FEV/FVC 68% 75%
These results are indicative of which of the following?
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The following PFT values have been obtained on a 57-year-old male.
Actual Predicted %Predicted
FEV1 1.4 L 3.0 L 47%
FEV/FVC 48% 70%
VC 2.1 L 3.8 L 55%
TLC 6.4 L 4.8 L 133%
FRC 3.4 L 2.5 L 136%
Which of the following pulmonary disorders is consistent with these findings?
The following PFT values have been obtained on a 57-year-old male.
Actual Predicted %Predicted FEV1 1.4 L 3.0 L 47% FEV/FVC 48% 70% VC 2.1 L 3.8 L 55% TLC 6.4 L 4.8 L 133% FRC 3.4 L 2.5 L 136%
Which of the following pulmonary disorders is consistent with these findings?
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Functional residual capacity (FRC) may be measured using which of the following techniques?
I. helium dilution test II. simple spirometry III. nitrogen washout test
Functional residual capacity (FRC) may be measured using which of the following techniques? I. helium dilution test II. simple spirometry III. nitrogen washout test
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Study Notes
Respiratory Patient Assessment
- Orthopnea: Difficulty breathing when lying down, often needing multiple pillows at night, is indicative of this breathing issue.
- Comatose Woman's Breathing Pattern: A patient with a pH of 7.21, PaCO2 of 23 torr, PaO2 of 65 torr, and HCO3 of 8 mEq/L likely exhibits Cheyne-Stokes breathing patterns.
- Purulent Secretions: Coughing up pus-like secretions suggests bacterial pneumonia.
- Hyperresonant Lung Sound: A hyperresonant sound during percussion, especially in the lower left lung, can indicate a pneumothorax or a condition like left-sided pneumothorax.
- Crackles in Both Lung Bases (ICU): Crackles heard in the lower lung bases during auscultation while in ICU most likely indicate pulmonary edema.
Additional Respiratory Conditions
- Right-sided pneumothorax: Diminished breath sounds on the left lung, trachea shifted to the right of midline suggests a right-sided pneumothorax in a ventilated patient.
- Thick, Green Secretions: Coughing up thick, foul-smelling, green secretions can indicate a Pseudomonas infection.
- Unconscious but Arousable: This state of a patient describes being obtunded.
- Capillary Refill Time: A six-second capillary refill time suggests inadequate blood perfusion to the extremities.
- Pulmonary Evaluation Issues: Diminished breath sounds on the right side and a shifted trachea toward the right likely indicates a right-sided tension pneumothorax.
- Normal Breathing Muscles: The diaphragm and external intercostals are used in normal breathing.
- Hypoxic Patient: A patient with a hemoglobin level of 6 gm% and an SpO2 of 99% is not hypoxic but might not be cyanotic, and may not need oxygen immediately.
- ICU HemodynamicMonitoring: For hemodynamically unstable ICU patients, a radial artery catheter is preferred for ongoing monitoring compared to pulse oximetery or peripheral arterial blood gas.
- ARDS Patient Monitoring: A Swan-Ganz catheter is used to monitor a patient with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).
- 28-week-old Neonate with Pneumothorax: Transillumination of the chest, a chest x-ray, and arterial blood gases can help diagnose a suspected pneumothorax in this case.
- Signs of Right Ventricular Hypertrophy: Pedal edema, and jugular venous distention are signs of this issue typically associated with emphysema patients.
- Chronic COPD Patient Blood Gases: A COPD patient breathing spontaneously, is found to have a pH of 7.23, PaCO2 of 82 torr, PaO2 of 76 torr, and HCO3 of 36 mEq/L is likely showing symptoms of acute respiratory acidosis, but further information on FIO2 is needed.
- Smoke Inhalation Diagnosis: A patient with a history of smoke inhalation requires arterial blood gases (ABGs) to evaluate the extent of the injury.
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Description
Test your understanding of respiratory patient assessments with this quiz. Covering conditions like orthopnea, pneumothorax, and pulmonary edema, you will need to identify symptoms and implications of various respiratory issues in patients. Ideal for nursing or medical students.
