Residential Schools in Canada
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary purpose of residential schools in Canada?

  • To provide an education aligned with Indigenous culture
  • To reinforce family values learned at home
  • To promote cultural diversity among Indigenous students
  • To assimilate Indigenous peoples into European Canadian culture (correct)

    • Which segment of the population was required to attend residential schools?

  • Status Indians under the age of 16 (correct)
  • Only Indigenous girls under 16
  • Non-Indigenous children in rural areas
  • All Indigenous children under the age of 18

    • In what year was attendance in Indian schools made compulsory?

  • 1900
  • 1932
  • 1884 (correct)
  • 1920

    • How did Duncan Campbell Scott view education in relation to Indigenous peoples?

    <p>As vital for achieving governmental goals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact did residential schools have on the cultural education of Indigenous students?

    <p>They disrupted the transmission of cultural knowledge from parents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was unique about the locations of residential schools in Canada?

    <p>They were located in every province except Newfoundland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which entity primarily operated residential schools in Canada?

    <p>Government-funded, church-run organizations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What broader societal issue does the legacy of residential schools relate to?

    <p>Contemporary responses to historical globalization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor contributed to the eventual closing of the schools?

    <p>Lack of students</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who recommended the establishment of industrial schools for First Nations?

    <p>Nicholas Flood Davin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What legislative change made it mandatory for parents to send their children to school?

    <p>The Indian Act amendment of 1920</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action did the federal government take in 1969 regarding residential schools?

    <p>It began closing residential schools.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event marked the first public acknowledgment of abuse at residential schools?

    <p>Phil Fontaine's statement in 1990</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the 1948 Senate report emphasize regarding children's education?

    <p>The need for mainstream schooling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which church made an apology to First Nations peoples in 1991?

    <p>The Missionary Oblates of Mary Immaculate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What crime was Arthur Plint convicted of in 1995?

    <p>Indecent assault against students</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the primary goals of the residential school system in Canada?

    <p>To assimilate Indigenous children into Western culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What emotional consequences did former residential school students often experience?

    <p>A deep-seated feeling of loss and separation from their families</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How might an Aboriginal Elder's interpretation of the photograph from St. Peter’s Mission differ from that of Duncan Campbell Scott?

    <p>The Elder likely sees it as a loss of culture, while Scott sees it as progress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of abuse was associated with the residential school system?

    <p>Emotional and physical abuse leading to long-term trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best represents a significant viewpoint on the impact of residential schools?

    <p>Many social problems today are seen as direct or indirect consequences of the residential school system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Matthew Coon Come suggest about the intention behind the residential school system?

    <p>To eradicate Indigenous identity altogether</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What long-term effects did former students of residential schools often report?

    <p>Lifelong trauma and disconnection from their identities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of the residential school system does the 1920s photograph illustrate?

    <p>The harsh realities and impact on Indigenous children</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one positive outcome of the education received by Aboriginal children at the residential schools?

    <p>Emergence of a politically active and educated leadership</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the residential schools inadvertently promote among Aboriginal leaders?

    <p>A deeper understanding of socio-economic issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the perspective of the former student regarding what was learned at residential schools?

    <p>Survival skills for society were emphasized</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is there an irony in the impact of residential schools on Indian identity?

    <p>They helped to revitalize Indian identity despite their intentions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be inferred about media coverage of residential schools based on the content?

    <p>Negative stories are more frequently covered</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did education in residential schools claim to play in students' futures?

    <p>To enhance their skills for participation in wider society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What might be a common misconception about the teachings in residential schools?

    <p>Students were only taught for academic achievement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the experiences of children at residential schools differ based on their home environments?

    <p>Children from stable homes were better prepared for education</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary focus of the First Nations Policing Policy implemented in June 1991?

    <p>To improve relationships between Aboriginal peoples and police</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What event prompted the establishment of the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples?

    <p>The Oka crisis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What phrase did Matthew Coon Come use to describe the potential actions of those with nothing to lose?

    <p>Drastic measures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following protests is NOT mentioned as involving First Nations?

    <p>Makhazin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What implication does Coon Come's statement about drastic measures suggest about the federal government's role?

    <p>The government has failed to address Aboriginal concerns adequately.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'culturally appropriate police services' refer to in the context of the First Nations Policing Policy?

    <p>Law enforcement methods that respect Aboriginal traditions and beliefs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following was a direct consequence of the government’s failure to address Aboriginal issues?

    <p>The emergence of violent protests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is implied by the statement, 'If you've got nothing, you've got nothing to lose'?

    <p>Individuals may resort to extreme actions when facing hopelessness.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Residential Schools

    • The Indian Act was amended in 1884 to make attendance in Indian schools compulsory for status Indians under the age of 16 until they reached 18 years of age.
    • Government-funded, church-run Residential Schools were located in every province and territory except Newfoundland, New Brunswick, and Prince Edward Island.
    • Some people in Canada believe that many of the social problems that Aboriginal communities face today are consequences, directly or indirectly, of the residential school system and the policy of assimilation that underlay them.
    • Physical and emotional abuse was only part of the problem associated with residential schools.
    • The goal of residential schools was to “take the Indian out of the Indian.”
    • The first two residential school civil claims were filed in 1988.
    • The Presbyterian Church offered First Nations peoples a confession in 1994.
    • The federal government established the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples in 1996.
    • Other violent protests involving First Nations later took place at Ipperwash, Ontario (1995), Burnt Church, New Brunswick (2000), and Caledonia, Ontario (2006).

    Social Consequences

    • Children with terrible home lives and children whose parents wanted them to come went to the schools
    • Some observers have pointed out that the Aboriginal children received in the schools has been at least partially responsible for the emergence of a newly powerful, well-educated leadership in the Aboriginal community.
    • The residential school was designed to be the benign exterminator of Indian identity, but played a role in its perpetuation and revitalization.
    • One student said that the school was "good teaching for survival in society" and he appreciated being able to learn all that.
    • The government put into effect the First Nations Policing Policy in June 1991, which sought to improve the relationship between Aboriginal peoples and police.

    Impact

    • Some former residential school students were left with a deep-seated feeling of loss and separation from their families and cultures.
    • Many Aboriginal people believe that the residential schools were designed to wipe out their culture and traditions, and that they were forced to assimilate into mainstream Canadian society
    • These schools had a profound impact on the lives of First Nations people, and their legacy continues to be felt today.
    • Aboriginal people have called for the government to apologize for the role it played in the residential school system and to provide compensation to survivors of abuse.
    • The Truth and Reconciliation Commission of Canada was established in 2008 to document the history of residential schools and to hear from survivors about their experiences.

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    Description

    Explore the history and impact of Residential Schools in Canada through this quiz. Learn about the Indian Act, the aim of these schools, and their lasting effects on Aboriginal communities. Understand the complexities surrounding the policies of assimilation that shaped these institutions.

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