Research on Street Gangs and Youth Behavior

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What challenges some of the previous findings on youth gangs?

The focus on risk and protective factors

Street gangs in Canada

Tanner and Wortley’s (2002) research in Toronto (correct)

Research on family, school, and peers

What age group is typically associated with Canadian street gangs?

60 to 75 years old

30 to 45 years old

5 to 10 years old

14 to 26 years old (correct)

Why do boys and girls seem to join gangs, according to the text?

For religious purposes

To compensate for an impoverished community life (correct)

For political activism

To excel in academics

In the context of gender differences in gang membership, what is a reason some scholars argue for understanding girls' behaviors?

Girls reclaiming femininity from domesticity Signup and view all the answers

What do Canadian street gangs primarily engage in, as mentioned in the text?

Property crime for profit Signup and view all the answers

Which theory suggests that youth's behaviors are shaped by interactions with others, whether with peers or family members?

Differential association theory Signup and view all the answers

What may explain delinquency among youth from different ethnic backgrounds?

Differential association and control theories Signup and view all the answers

Which factor is the single most important predictor of 'official' delinquency?

Having delinquent friends Signup and view all the answers

How do boys and girls differ in their exposure to criminogenic conditions according to research?

Girls are more 'differentially exposed' to criminogenic conditions Signup and view all the answers

How have schools responded to youth violence according to the text?

By implementing zero tolerance policies Signup and view all the answers

What influences gang definitions according to the text?

Political motivations and interests of law-enforcement agencies Signup and view all the answers

In what way do boys and girls not differ significantly in their behavior towards peers according to the text?

Boys are more likely to engage in indirect relational aggression Signup and view all the answers

What has research shown to be better predictors of delinquency than IQ scores?

Grades and level of commitment to school Signup and view all the answers

According to research, what is a consequence of a conflict between schools' cultural assumptions and students' own cultural backgrounds and experiences?

School resistance on the part of students Signup and view all the answers

Contrary to Cohen's suggestion, who is more likely to behave in delinquent ways and rebel against schooling according to research?

Middle-class boys with poor grades Signup and view all the answers

What is considered to have a greater impact on delinquency than the management style of the school?

Classroom climate Signup and view all the answers

In the context of schools and delinquency, what is now viewed as part of the problem according to the text?

Schooling Signup and view all the answers

What reduces commitment to school but also leads to delinquency?

Delinquent behavior Signup and view all the answers