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Research Methods in Science Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of forming a hypothesis in the scientific method?

To make specific predictions about the relationship between variables (correct)
To collect a general set of ideas about the way the world works
To determine the way in which the hypothesis will be tested
To take measurements of the outcomes of the test

What is the role of the independent variable in an experiment?

It is the variable used to test the hypothesis
It is the outcome of the experiment
It is the variable the experimenter manipulates or changes (correct)
It is the variable that is measured

What type of evidence is anecdotal evidence?

Evidence derived from statistical analysis
Evidence based on rigorous testing
Evidence in the form of stories that people tell about what has happened to them (correct)
Evidence from controlled experiments

What is the final step in the scientific method after analyzing data?

Report findings (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the p-value in data analysis help to understand?

The statistical significance of the data (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of revising theories in the scientific method?

Incorporate new information into our understanding of the world (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of collecting data in the scientific method?

To take measurements of the outcomes of the test (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of theory in the scientific method?

Collect a general set of ideas about the way the world works (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of an experiment in the scientific method?

To make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the danger of drawing conclusions based solely on anecdotal evidence?

Conclusions may not be supported by data (B) Signup and view all the answers

In a within-participant design, why are individuals exposed to all levels of treatment?

To prevent individual differences from distorting the results (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the placebo effect?

An improvement of symptoms observed despite using a non-active treatment (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is participation bias or non-response bias?

A phenomenon in which the results become non-representative due to certain traits of the participants (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of blinding in an experiment?

To reduce the risk of bias caused by an awareness of group assignment (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does random sampling involve in an experiment?

Random assignment to each group (control vs independent variable) (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of a between-participant design?

Compares independent variable’s effect on two groups of participants (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of a within-subject design?

To use each participant as their own baseline (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential risk of participation bias?

Results become non-representative due to certain participant traits (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the placebo effect in studies?

To observe the impact of psychological factors on symptom improvement (A) Signup and view all the answers

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