Research Methods in Science Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of forming a hypothesis in the scientific method?

  • To make specific predictions about the relationship between variables (correct)
  • To collect a general set of ideas about the way the world works
  • To determine the way in which the hypothesis will be tested
  • To take measurements of the outcomes of the test
  • What is the role of the independent variable in an experiment?

  • It is the variable used to test the hypothesis
  • It is the outcome of the experiment
  • It is the variable the experimenter manipulates or changes (correct)
  • It is the variable that is measured
  • What type of evidence is anecdotal evidence?

  • Evidence derived from statistical analysis
  • Evidence based on rigorous testing
  • Evidence in the form of stories that people tell about what has happened to them (correct)
  • Evidence from controlled experiments
  • What is the final step in the scientific method after analyzing data?

    <p>Report findings</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the p-value in data analysis help to understand?

    <p>The statistical significance of the data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of revising theories in the scientific method?

    <p>Incorporate new information into our understanding of the world</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of collecting data in the scientific method?

    <p>To take measurements of the outcomes of the test</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of theory in the scientific method?

    <p>Collect a general set of ideas about the way the world works</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of an experiment in the scientific method?

    <p>To make a discovery, test a hypothesis, or demonstrate a known fact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the danger of drawing conclusions based solely on anecdotal evidence?

    <p>Conclusions may not be supported by data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a within-participant design, why are individuals exposed to all levels of treatment?

    <p>To prevent individual differences from distorting the results</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the placebo effect?

    <p>An improvement of symptoms observed despite using a non-active treatment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is participation bias or non-response bias?

    <p>A phenomenon in which the results become non-representative due to certain traits of the participants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of blinding in an experiment?

    <p>To reduce the risk of bias caused by an awareness of group assignment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does random sampling involve in an experiment?

    <p>Random assignment to each group (control vs independent variable)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of a between-participant design?

    <p>Compares independent variable’s effect on two groups of participants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the aim of a within-subject design?

    <p>To use each participant as their own baseline</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential risk of participation bias?

    <p>Results become non-representative due to certain participant traits</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the placebo effect in studies?

    <p>To observe the impact of psychological factors on symptom improvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

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