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Questions and Answers
What type of research design is used to investigate cause-and-effect relationships between variables?
What type of research design is used to investigate cause-and-effect relationships between variables?
Which research method focuses on non-numerical data?
Which research method focuses on non-numerical data?
What is the main characteristic of probability sampling?
What is the main characteristic of probability sampling?
What type of research design lacks random assignment of participants to groups?
What type of research design lacks random assignment of participants to groups?
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What type of sampling technique involves selecting participants based on ease of access?
What type of sampling technique involves selecting participants based on ease of access?
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What is the primary consideration when selecting participants using purposive sampling?
What is the primary consideration when selecting participants using purposive sampling?
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What is the primary goal of descriptive statistics in data analysis?
What is the primary goal of descriptive statistics in data analysis?
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What is the primary concern of the research ethics principle of risk and harm?
What is the primary concern of the research ethics principle of risk and harm?
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What is the primary purpose of thematic analysis in data analysis?
What is the primary purpose of thematic analysis in data analysis?
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What is the primary purpose of informed consent in research ethics?
What is the primary purpose of informed consent in research ethics?
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Study Notes
Types of Research Designs
- Experimental Design: Investigates cause-and-effect relationships between variables. Manipulate independent variable, control extraneous variables, and measure dependent variable.
- Quasi-Experimental Design: Lacks random assignment of participants to groups, but still investigates cause-and-effect relationships.
- Survey Research: Collects data through self-report measures, such as questionnaires or interviews.
- Case Study Research: In-depth examination of a single case or a small number of cases.
- Content Analysis: Analyzes texts, images, or videos to identify patterns and themes.
Research Methods
- Quantitative Methods: Focus on numerical data, using statistical analysis to identify patterns and trends.
- Qualitative Methods: Focus on non-numerical data, using thematic analysis to identify patterns and themes.
- Mixed Methods: Combines quantitative and qualitative methods to provide a comprehensive understanding.
Sampling Techniques
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Probability Sampling: Every member of the population has an equal chance of being selected.
- Simple Random Sampling: Randomly select participants from the population.
- Stratified Sampling: Divide the population into subgroups and randomly select participants from each.
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Non-Probability Sampling: Participants are selected based on convenience or accessibility.
- Convenience Sampling: Select participants based on ease of access.
- Purposive Sampling: Select participants based on their expertise or characteristics.
Data Collection Methods
- Self-Report Measures: Surveys, questionnaires, and interviews.
- Observational Methods: Naturalistic observation, participant observation, and controlled observation.
- Secondary Data Collection: Analyze existing data, such as literature reviews or archival records.
Data Analysis
- Descriptive Statistics: Summarize and describe the data, using measures of central tendency and variability.
- Inferential Statistics: Make inferences about the population based on the sample data, using hypothesis testing and confidence intervals.
- Thematic Analysis: Identify patterns and themes in qualitative data.
Research Ethics
- Informed Consent: Participants must be fully informed about the study and voluntarily consent to participate.
- Anonymity and Confidentiality: Protect participants' identities and maintain confidentiality.
- Risk and Harm: Minimize risks and potential harm to participants.
- Deception and Debriefing: Avoid deception, and debrief participants at the end of the study.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of research methods in psychology, including types of research designs, methods, sampling techniques, data collection methods, data analysis, and research ethics.
