Research Methods and Variables Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary role of the dependent variable in an experiment?

  • To manipulate the outcome of the study
  • To categorize data into groups
  • To control external factors during the study
  • To measure the effect of the independent variable (correct)

    • What distinguishes a true experimental design from a quasi-experimental design?

  • True experiments use random assignment, while quasi-experiments do not (correct)
  • True experiments measure variables without manipulation
  • True experiments involve qualitative methods, while quasi-experiments use quantitative methods
  • True experiments always have a dependent variable, while quasi-experiments may not

    • Which of the following is an example of a non-experimental study?

  • Observing patterns in student engagement without intervention (correct)
  • Testing the effects of a new medication on heart rate
  • Comparing physical activity levels before and after an intervention
  • Evaluating the long-term impacts of a diet on weight loss

    • What type of variable is manipulated by a researcher in an experiment?

    <p>Independent variable</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which level of measurement involves categorization without a definitive order?

    <p>Nominal level</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of explanatory research?

    <p>To find the 'why' of events and establish cause-effect relationships.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of variable measurement, what does the term 'scales of measurement' refer to?

    <p>The precision and categorization of data</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method primarily employs open-ended questions to gather data?

    <p>Qualitative Method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do quantitative methods primarily investigate data?

    <p>By employing statistical techniques to analyze numerical data.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which research purpose is characterized by observing and describing relationships without manipulation?

    <p>Descriptive research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of a quasi-experimental study?

    <p>Measuring the impact of a health app on physical activity without random assignment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of deductive reasoning?

    <p>Generalizing that low prices result in high sales based on specific instances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key feature of ordinal level data?

    <p>Data can be categorized and ranked, but intervals between ranks are not defined.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement best describes qualitative research?

    <p>It aims to explore and formulate new ideas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scenario demonstrates the use of qualitative research?

    <p>Conducting interviews to understand customer preferences.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main goal when planning a budget to maximize output from investments?

    <p>To utilize quantitative methods for financial analysis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of the research objectives according to the content?

    <p>They should be specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the 'Significance of the Study' section?

    <p>To establish why the research is important and its contribution to existing knowledge.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action verb should be avoided when beginning research objectives?

    <p>Focus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be checked for feasibility in the research process?

    <p>The achievability of the research objectives given available resources and constraints.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the scope and delimitations of a study be presented?

    <p>As bullet points or numbered lists for clarity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does it mean to ensure clarity in the research objectives?

    <p>Making objectives explicit, specific, and easy to understand.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a critical aspect of aligning the scope of a study?

    <p>It must correlate with the research objectives and questions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way should the objectives be structured?

    <p>In a structured format, ideally as bullet points or lists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the body section in a research paper?

    <p>To discuss relevance and findings related to the research problem</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of the conclusion section in research?

    <p>To identify gaps in the literature and summarize observed trends</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which citation style uses the author-date method for in-text citations?

    <p>American Psychological Association (APA)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a conceptual framework represent in research?

    <p>A visual or written representation of relationships between key variables</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the three most common citation styles?

    <p>Harvard Referencing System</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the theoretical framework provide in a research context?

    <p>A set of ideas that support the research objectives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the components that might be clarified by the use of a conceptual framework?

    <p>How different components of research are interrelated</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what order should references typically be cited according to MLA style?

    <p>In alphabetical order by the first author's last name</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of research is described as primarily documenting characteristics of a phenomenon?

    <p>Descriptive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of the research process involves forecasting an event or phenomenon?

    <p>Predictive Research</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In explanatory research, what is the primary goal of the researchers?

    <p>To establish a causal relationship</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an essential component of the introduction chapter in a research paper?

    <p>Significance of the Study</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which question would indicate that researchers are engaged in predictive research?

    <p>Are the researchers trying to predict effects of variables?</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Step 3 in the research process involves which crucial activity?

    <p>Formulating hypothesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is NOT a characteristic of descriptive research?

    <p>It aims to forecast phenomena.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which section of the research paper provides clarity about its limitations?

    <p>Scope and Limitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Research Methods

    • Explanatory research determines the "why" behind events, establishing cause-and-effect relationships.
    • Qualitative research uses conversational methods (open-ended questions) to gather non-numerical data, understanding participants' thoughts and reasoning.
    • Quantitative research uses numerical data and systematic investigation to explain, predict, or control phenomena, establishing relationships between measurable variables.

    Research Variables

    • Independent Variable (IV): Manipulated variable, presumed to cause change in the dependent variable.
    • Dependent Variable (DV): Measured variable, affected by changes in the independent variable.
    • True Experimental research tests the effectiveness of interventions.
    • Quasi-experimental research compares different approaches without complete control over all variables.
    • Non-experimental research doesn't use interventions; it can be descriptive, predictive, or explanatory.

    Levels of Measurement

    • Nominal: Categorizes data into mutually exclusive groups without order (e.g., gender, city of birth).
    • Ordinal: Categorizes and ranks data, but intervals between rankings aren't specified (e.g., rankings in a competition).

    Research Process Steps

    • Formulate a hypothesis.
    • Prepare the research design.
    • Collect data.
    • Analyze and interpret data.
    • Write the research report.
    • Report research findings.

    Chapter 1 of a Research Paper

    • Introduction: Sets the stage for the entire study.
    • Statement of the Problem: Clearly defines the research problem.
    • Scope and Delimitations: Defines the boundaries of the study.
    • Significance of the Study: Explains the importance and contribution of the research.
    • Research Objectives: Clearly articulates the goals using action verbs (e.g., "Measure," "Assess," "Evaluate").

    Chapter 2 of a Research Paper: Literature Review

    • Literature Review: A process of examining relevant research to identify similarities, differences, and gaps in knowledge.
    • Citation Styles: APA (7th Edition), MLA, and Chicago Manual of Style.
    • Framework: Provides support for the research; includes theoretical and conceptual frameworks. A conceptual framework visually represents relationships between key variables.

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    Practical Research 2 PDF

    Description

    Test your understanding of research methods, including explanatory, qualitative, and quantitative approaches. Explore the concepts of independent and dependent variables, as well as various research designs. This quiz will help you grasp the essential components of conducting research effectively.

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