Research Methods and Ethics Overview

Investigating a topic systematically to find answers or gain knowledge.

Research driven by curiosity to expand knowledge without a specific practical goal.

Research focused on solving a specific problem or answering a question with real-world applications.

Knowledge acquired through reasoning, logic, and deduction, independent of experience.

Knowledge gained from observation, experiments, and empirical evidence.

The study of how we know things, focused on methods and validity of knowledge acquisition.

A research method that analyzes a specific situation or event in detail.

Research that systematically gathers data about a group or population to describe their characteristics.

A research approach involving a controlled environment where variables are manipulated to observe their effects. This allows researchers to establish cause-and-effect relationships.

A research approach that observes naturally occurring phenomena without manipulating variables. It aims to describe and understand relationships and patterns.

Research that gathers numerical data and uses statistical methods for analysis. This allows researchers to quantify and measure phenomena.

Research that uses non-numerical data, such as words, images, and narratives, to explore and understand experiences, meanings, and interpretations.

Research that explores a new topic or phenomenon without a pre-determined hypothesis. It aims to generate initial insights and identify key areas for further investigation.

Explanatory research aims to understand why and how things happen, focusing on cause-and-effect relationships.

Phenomenology explores how individuals experience a particular event or phenomenon, aiming to understand their subjective perspectives.

Ethnography dives deep into the culture of a specific group of people, observing and understanding their shared beliefs, behaviors, and practices.

Case study research delves into one or more specific cases, providing a detailed account of their unique characteristics and experiences.

Grounded theory research aims to develop a theory from the data collected, allowing the theory to emerge from the observations.

Historical research investigates past events to understand their significance and impact on the present.

Qualitative research emphasizes understanding and interpreting meaning, gathering rich, descriptive data through observations, interviews, and texts.

Quantitative research uses numbers and statistical analysis to measure and quantify phenomena, focusing on objective data and patterns.

The initial part of a research paper that provides context and introduces the study's purpose.

A concise statement that explains the problem or issue the research aims to address.

A specific and measurable prediction about the outcome of the research.

Explains the value and relevance of the research, highlighting its potential contributions and who will benefit from it.

A section that clearly defines key terms used throughout the research paper, ensuring consistent understanding of their meanings.

A comprehensive overview of existing research and literature related to the study's topic.

Specifies the boundaries and limitations of the study, clarifying what it covers and what it excludes.

Explains the research methods used and provides detailed insights into the study's design and procedures.