Practical Research 1 PDF

RESEARCH Based on direct experience or observation Systematic process of collecting and logically 2. RESEARCH IS LOGICAL analyzing information or data for some purpose. Based on valid processes and principles...

RESEARCH Based on direct experience or observation Systematic process of collecting and logically 2. RESEARCH IS LOGICAL analyzing information or data for some purpose. Based on valid processes and principles 3. RESEARCH IS ANALYTICAL RESEARCH CAN BE CATEGORIZED INTO Proves analytical procedures in gathering the TWO data, whether historical, descriptive, and case 1. BASIC RESEARCH study Driven purely by curiosity and a desire to 4. RESEARCH IS METHODICAL expand our knowledge. Conducted in methodical manner without bias 2. APPLIED RESEARCH 5. RESEARCH IS REPLICABLE Used to answer a specific question that has Design and procedures are replicated or direct application to the world. repeated 6. RESEARCH IS CRITICAL CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESS, AND Exhibits carefully studied judgement ETHICS IN RESEARCH EPISTEMOLOGY FIFTEEN (15) STAGES OF RESEARCH  Study of our method of acquiring PROCESS knowledge. 1. Identifying and delimiting the problem  Answers the question “how do we know?” 2. Review of related literature 3. Developing the theoretical framework TWO (2) KINDS OF KNOWLEDGE 4. Formulating hypothesis 1. A PRIORI KNOWLEDGE OR RATIONAL 5. Selecting a research design Acquired through anything that is independent 6. Sampling from experience, which is a product of pure 7. Specific methods to collect the research reasoning or deduction. data 2. A POSTERIORI KNOWLEDGE OR 8. Finalizing and reviewing the research plan EPIRICISM 9. Collecting the data Involving deductive reasoning and supported 10. Preparing the data analysis by facts. 11. Analyze the data 12. Interpreting the result SIX (6) CHARACTERISTICS WHICH 13. Drawing the conclusion EXPLAINS WHAT REALLY IS SCIENTIFIC 14. Communicating and publishing the findings RESEARCH 15. Utilizing the findings 1. RESEARCH IS EMPIRICAL @brmperlman NINE (9) ETHICAL NORMS IN DOING A minimize harms and risks and maximize RESEARCH benefits 1. HONESTY - Respect human dignity, privacy - Strive honesty in all scientific communications 2. OBJECTIVITY THREE (3) KINDS OF RESEARCH - Avoid bias 1. ACCORDING TO MOTIVE OR PURPOSE 3. INTEGRITY A. BASIC, THEORETICAL, OR PURE - Keep your promises and agreements. RESEARCH - Act with sincerity, strive for consistency of - Generation of new knowledge thought and action B. APPLIED/PRACTICAL RESEARCH 4. CAREFULLNESS - Has immediate usefulness - Avoid careless errors and negligence 2. ACCORDING TO APPROACH carefully examine your own work and the work A. EXPERIMENTAL of your members - Strict control of variable 5. OPENNESS B. NON-EXPERIMENTAL - Share data, results, ideas, tools, and - No strict control of variable resources 3. ACCORDING TO TYPE OF DATA BEING - Be open to criticism and new ideas RESEARCH 6. RESPECT FOR INTELLECTUAL A. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH PROPERTY - Can be measured - Give credit where credit is due B. QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH - Give proper acknowledgement - Can be counted - Never plagiarize 7. CONFIDENTIALITY THREE (3) KINDS OF RESEARCH - Protect confidential communications ACCORDING TO LEVEL OF 8. ANIMAL CARE INVESTIGATION TO BE USED - Show proper respect and care for animals 1. EXPLORATORY RESEARCH when using them in research - Falls to basic type of research. - Do not conduct unnecessary or poorly - Exploring the research questions. designed animal experiments 2. DESCRIPTIVE RESEARCH 9. HUMAN SUBJECTS PROTECTION - Describing what is existing in a phenomenon. - When conducting research on human 3. EXPLANATORY RESEARCH subjects, @brmperlman - Explaining how does this dependent variable FIFTEEN (15) RESEARCH PROCESS affect the independent variable, it also explains DURING PLANNING if there is a relationship between them. 1. Problem 2. Objectives FIVE (5) TYPES OF QUALITATIVE 3. Statement of the problem and research RESEARCH question 1. PHENOMENOLOGY 4. Related literature Understand how one or more individuals 5. Significance of the study experience a phenomenon. 6. Scope and delimitation 2. ETHNOGRAPHY 7. Hypothesis Focuses on describing the culture of a group 8. Conceptual or theoretical framework of people. 9. Definition of terms 3. CASE STUDY RESEARCH 10. Design Focused on providing a detailed account of 11. Research tools for data collection one or more cases. 12. Plan for data analysis 4. GROUNDED THEORY 13. Conclusion and recommendation Approach to generating and developing a 14. Writing the research report or result theory from data that the researcher collects. 15. Presentation 5. HISTORICAL APPROACH About events that occurred in the past. WRITNG AN INTRODUCTION IN A RESEARCH REPORT INTRODUCTION QUALITATIVE RESEARCH Gives the significance or implication of the THREE (3) TYPES OF RESEARCH study and states the problem. 1. Qualitative research Provides background and motivation for your 2. Quantitative research topic. 3. Mixed method Describes the focus and purpose of the paper. FOUR (4) STEPS IN STANDARD FORMAT FOUR (4) RELEVANT IDEAS OR PATTERN FOLLOWS AT THE 1. TOPIC OR SUBJECT MATTER UNIVERSITY OF THE ASSUMPTION Define and elaborate using methods of 1. Introduction paragraph development like classification and 2. Methodology giving examples. 3. Result 2. IMPORTANCE OF THE TOPIC 4. Discussion @brmperlman Cite the role that the topic plays in your life and 5. SCOPE AND DELIMITATION OF THE the benefits you derive from it. STUDY 3. REASONS FOR CHOOSING THE TOPIC  Determines the coverage of the study and Emphasize what motivated you to choose the all the things that it will not cover in order topic. to be specific. 4. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY 6. DEFINITION OF TERMS Discuss the objective of the study.  Defines technical terms based on how they are used in the study, specifically in the PARTS OF THE INTRODUCTION OF A title. RESEARCH REPORT  Aims to provide the readers or future 1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY researchers with the basic terminologies  Consists of statements on what led the that are important to understand the paper. investigator to launch the study. 7. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE  Includes your purpose and reason behind (RRL) the conduct of the study.  Written summary of published research 2. STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM studies and relevant works about a  Main problem that the research is trying to particular subject matter that is related to solve. the researcher’s main topic.  Follows the formulation of the title and  Where you will use your note cards and should be faithful to it. It specifically points will serve as the foundation of your the important questions that the study research. needs to answer. 3. HYPOTHESIS  Expected outcome of the research.  Clearly explains the relationship between two variables about how the social world operates. 4. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY  Provides details to the reader on how the study will contribute such as what the study will contribute and who will benefit from it. @brmperlman