Research Methodology Chapter 1 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What does 'Methodology' refer to?

The principles and procedures that govern research (correct)

A theory in science

The results obtained from research

A specific research design

What is 'Research Design'?

The plan or arrangement used to examine the question of interest

Who is Sir Francis Galton?

Investigated the extent to which prayer increases how long people live and found correlation but not causation

A 'Hypothesis' represents __________ statements about a particular phenomenon.

if-then Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Parsimony' direct us to do?

Select the simplest version or account of the data among alternatives Signup and view all the answers

Who is William Occam?

Applied the notion that concepts should not be added if they are not needed in accounting for phenomena Signup and view all the answers

What is a 'Plausible Rival Hypothesis'?

An interpretation of results based on influences other than the studied one Signup and view all the answers

The difference between findings and conclusions is that findings refer to __________.

results obtained Signup and view all the answers

Empirical research encompasses philosophy of science, methodology, and __________.

statistical inference Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Philosophy of Science' consider?

The logical and epistemological underpinnings of the scientific method Signup and view all the answers

What does 'Methodology (research methods)' encompass?

Procedures and practices of conducting and designing research Signup and view all the answers

What is 'Statistical Inference' integrally related to?

Experimentation due to reliance upon statistical tests Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Key Terms and Definitions

Methodology: Principles, procedures, and practices guiding research processes.
Research Design: The structured plan for examining a research question.
Sir Francis Galton: Researched the impact of prayer on life expectancy; identified correlation but not causation.

Hypothesis and Research Concepts

Hypothesis: "If-then" statements indicating relationships between manipulated independent variables (IV) and dependent variables (DV).
Parsimony: Preference for the simplest explanation among competing alternatives.
William Occam: Advocated for not introducing unnecessary concepts to explain phenomena.

Rival Explanations

Plausible Rival Hypothesis: Alternative explanations for research results, indicating influences not originally studied by the investigator.

Findings vs. Conclusions

Findings: Data results presenting descriptive features from the research.
Conclusions: Explanations derived from findings, incorporating parsimony and rival hypotheses.

Empirical Research Topics

Empirical Research: Encompasses three interconnected areas:
- Philosophy of science
- Methodology
- Statistical inference

Philosophy of Science

Philosophy of Science: Examines foundational logical and epistemological aspects of the scientific method, highlighting limitations in observational and experimental approaches.

Methodology in Research

Methodology (Research Methods): Encompasses procedures for designing research to identify lawful relationships effectively.

Statistical Inference

Statistical Inference: Critical for experimentation, relying on statistical tests to derive conclusions from collected data.

Description

Explore essential concepts in research methodology with these flashcards from Chapter 1. This set includes definitions of key terms like methodology and research design, as well as notable figures such as Sir Francis Galton. Perfect for students looking to solidify their understanding of research principles.