24 Questions
What is the primary advantage of experimental research design?
Establishing a cause-and-effect relationship between variables
What type of survey research is used to test a hypothesis?
Investigative scientific campaign
What is the primary goal of correlation analysis?
To identify a pattern or relationship between two or more variables
What is the purpose of meta-analysis?
To calculate the averages of results from select studies
What is the primary focus of ethnographic studies?
To gather insight into how people live and behave in their everyday lives
What is a key consideration in survey research?
Creation of a valid and reliable questionnaire
What type of study tries to determine the cause or consequences of differences between groups?
Causal-comparative study
What is a key aspect of experimental design?
Randomization and manipulation of variables
What is the primary objective of qualitative research?
To increase understanding and identify variables for future investigations
Where is qualitative research often carried out?
In a natural environment
What type of references are primarily used in a study?
Primary sources
What is the purpose of a bibliographic review?
To identify research gaps
What is a characteristic of qualitative research?
It is descriptive
What is a limitation of qualitative research?
It lacks generalizability
What is the role of the researcher in qualitative research?
To observe the situation discreetly
What is the primary goal of a study's bibliographic review?
To identify research gaps and provide a foundation for further studies
What is essential to evaluate when reading a research article?
All of the above
What is a crucial aspect of experimental design?
The choice of experimental design
What is a key consideration when conducting survey research?
How the subjects were chosen
What is a common application of correlation analysis?
Determining the strength of relationships between variables
What is a key characteristic of meta-analysis?
Combining results from multiple studies
What is a key feature of ethnographic studies?
Observing participants in their natural environment
What is an important consideration when critiquing a research article?
All of the above
What is a key benefit of critically reading a research article?
All of the above
Study Notes
Research Methodology
- Experimental research is the most conclusive type of research, involving random assignment of subjects and strict control of variables (e.g., Randomized Controlled Trials).
- Survey research involves two types: attitude surveys (likes and dislikes) and investigative scientific campaigns (testing a hypothesis), and requires a valid and reliable questionnaire.
- Correlation research establishes a relationship between two or more variables, enabling intelligent predictions (e.g., case-control studies).
- Factorial studies are qualitative, introduce at least two independent variables, and require a broad sample.
- Meta-analysis calculates the averages of results from selected studies to identify a complete pattern or relationship between results.
- Causal-comparative studies determine the cause or consequences of differences between groups (e.g., cohort studies).
- Regression analysis predicts something based on existing data and knowledge.
- Ethnographic Study investigates the background and surroundings of a patient, aiming to gather insight into daily life, needs, and practices.
Research Design
- Authors should justify their design decisions, analyze difficulties, identify dependent and independent variables, and control external variables.
- The design should be appropriate for the study.
Samples
- The population should be identified, and the samples should be representative of this population.
- The sample collection method should be described, and the techniques used should not compromise the results.
- Findings should be related to the study and bibliographic review, and any weaknesses or limitations should be acknowledged.
References
- Most references should be primary sources.
- The number of citations should be sufficient, and the references should be recent.
- The references should enable the reader to find articles for their own bibliographic review.
Qualitative Research
- Qualitative research is often conducted outside of the laboratory, in a natural environment.
- It is descriptive, and the objective is to increase understanding and identify variables and new questions for future investigations.
- The researcher observes the situation discreetly, and the study aims to gain a deeper understanding of the subject.
Evaluating Research
- Researchers should be evaluated based on their standing, methods, and conclusions.
- The research question, methods, and results should be clearly stated.
- The clinical importance and implications of the research should be discussed.
- Limitations and suggestions for future research should be acknowledged.
Understand the basics of research methodology, including hypotheses, experimental and survey methods, and the importance of a valid and reliable questionnaire.
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