Reproductive Methods in Unicellular Organisms
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Questions and Answers

What type of fission occurs in Plasmodium?

  • Binary fission
  • Budding
  • Multiple fission (correct)
  • Fragmentation

    • All unicellular organisms reproduce via binary fission.

    False

    What is the main characteristic that distinguishes binary fission in Leishmania from other unicellular organisms?

    Binary fission in Leishmania occurs in a definite orientation in relation to its whip-like structure.

    Spirogyra reproduces by ___________, where it breaks up into smaller pieces to form new individuals.

    <p>fragmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following organisms with their reproductive methods:

    <p>Amoeba = Binary fission Plasmodium = Multiple fission Yeast = Budding Spirogyra = Fragmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organism is responsible for causing kala-azar?

    <p>Leishmania</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Yeast can reproduce by a process known as fragmentation.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main observation method mentioned for studying microscopic organisms like Amoeba?

    <p>Observation under a microscope.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary process through which Hydra reproduces?

    <p>Budding</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Regeneration in organisms is dependent on being cut up in order to reproduce.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What advantage does vegetative propagation offer over reproduction from seeds?

    <p>Plants produced by vegetative propagation can bear flowers and fruits earlier than those produced from seeds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Plants like sugarcane and roses utilize __________ for reproduction.

    <p>vegetative propagation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following reproductive processes with their descriptions:

    <p>Budding = A process where an outgrowth develops into a new individual from the parent. Vegetative Propagation = Reproduction through parts of a plant under suitable conditions. Fragmentation = A method where a part of an organism separates and grows into a new individual. Grafting = Joining parts of two different plants to grow a new plant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following plants commonly uses vegetative propagation?

    <p>Banana</p> Signup and view all the answers

    All plants produced through vegetative propagation are genetically different from the parent plant.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to Hydra buds when they mature?

    <p>They detach from the parent body and become new independent individuals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the fertilization process described?

    <p>The pollen needs to be transferred to the stigma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Self-pollination occurs when pollen is transferred from one flower to another.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed after the fertilization of the egg cell?

    <p>zygote</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The swollen bottom part of the flower is called the ______.

    <p>ovary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following infections can be sexually transmitted?

    <p>Gonorrhoea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Using a condom completely eliminates the risk of sexually transmitted infections.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following processes with their definitions:

    <p>Self-pollination = Pollen transfer within the same flower Cross-pollination = Pollen transfer between different flowers Germination = The process of seed developing into a seedling Fertilization = Fusion of male and female gametes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of contraceptive methods?

    <p>To prevent pregnancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What grows out of the pollen grain to reach the ovary?

    <p>A tube</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The petals, sepals, stamens, style, and stigma remain intact after the ovary forms a fruit.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The contraceptive method that creates a mechanical barrier is called a __________.

    <p>condom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following contraceptive methods with their descriptions:

    <p>Condom = Mechanical barrier preventing sperm from reaching the egg Hormonal pills = Alters hormonal balance to prevent ovulation Copper-T = Placed in the uterus to prevent pregnancy Vasectomy = Surgical method to block sperm transfer</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do seeds contain that is crucial for the plant's future?

    <p>embryo</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be a side effect of hormonal contraceptive methods?

    <p>Hormonal imbalance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Surgical methods for contraception can lead to potential infections if not performed properly.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Surgical methods can block the __________ in males to prevent sperm transfer.

    <p>vas deferens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential consequence of a declining child sex ratio?

    <p>Gender imbalance in society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Asexual reproduction involves the participation of two individuals.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are seminal vesicles and the prostate gland's roles in reproduction?

    <p>They produce seminal fluid that nourishes and helps transport sperm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The process by which organisms increase their populations is called __________.

    <p>reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following types of reproduction with their characteristics:

    <p>Asexual reproduction = Involves a single individual Sexual reproduction = Involves two individuals Fission = Division into two or more cells Vegetative propagation = New plants from roots, stems, or leaves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes a change seen in girls during puberty?

    <p>Menstrual cycle begins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Prenatal sex determination is allowed by law in many countries.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the embryo receive nourishment inside the mother's body?

    <p>Through the placenta, which transfers nutrients from the mother to the embryo.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT part of the male reproductive system in human beings?

    <p>Uterus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fertilisation in human beings occurs in the uterus.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the process called when pollen grains transfer from the anther to the stigma?

    <p>Pollination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The male reproductive system produces __________ in the testes.

    <p>sperms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the reproductive structures with their functions:

    <p>Ovaries = Produce eggs Fallopian tubes = Site of fertilisation Vagina = Birth canal Penis = Delivers sperm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which method of contraception involves the use of a device inserted into the uterus?

    <p>Copper-T</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What changes occur in the body during puberty?

    <p>Increase in breast size in girls and facial hair growth in boys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Asexual reproduction leads to greater variation compared to sexual reproduction.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Reproduction in Organisms

    • Reproduction is not essential for individual survival but is crucial for species survival
    • Organisms reproduce to create new individuals similar to themselves
    • Reproduction involves making copies of the blueprint for body design
    • DNA in cell nucleus stores information for inheritance of traits
    • Reproduction involves copying DNA and separating the copies

    DNA Copying

    • DNA copies are similar, but may not be identical to the original
    • Variations in DNA copies can be drastic leading to non-viable offspring
    • Variations can lead to subtle differences beneficial for survival

    Modes of Reproduction

    • Fission: Cell division in unicellular organisms. Amoeba, bacteria, protozoa
    • Budding: Outgrowth of a new organism from a parent organism. Hydra
    • Fragmentation: Breaking of the parent organism into pieces, followed by regeneration of new individuals. Planaria, some fungi
    • Vegetative propagation: Part of a plant develops into a new plant. Examples include: roots, stems, leaves. Used in agriculture for plants like sugarcane

    Sexual Reproduction

    • Involves the fusion of two germ cells - male and female gametes.

    • Generates variations increasing the chances of species survival

    • This process involves DNA recombination and re-establishment of chromosome numbers.

    • Specialized reproductive organs produce gametes

    • Sexual mode of reproduction is more complex to accommodate this

    • Flowering plants:

      • Pollination is transfer of pollen from anther to stigma
      • Fertilisation is the fusion of gametes.
      • The flower parts are important for reproduction: sepals, petals, stamens, and pistil.
      • Stamen is male, pistil is female

    • Humans: detailed reproductive organs (male and female) are discussed for function

    • When egg is not fertilized, the lining of the uterus is shed

    Reproductive Health

    • Puberty involves physical changes associated with sexual maturity
    • Several diseases are transmitted during sexual interactions, including preventative measures.
    • Pregnancy requires considerable demands, and contraceptives are available
    • Sexual maturation is a gradual process that takes place during puberty and is related to body growth

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    Chapter 7: How Do Organisms Reproduce PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the various reproductive methods of unicellular organisms and learn about binary fission, fragmentation, and more. This quiz covers specific examples and characteristics of reproduction in organisms like Plasmodium, Hydra, and Yeast.

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