Reproductive Drugs Overview

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Questions and Answers

What do Combined Oral Contraceptives (COCs) primarily prevent?

Menstruation

Implantation of fertilized eggs

Sperm production in males

Ovulation and fertilization (correct)

Which side effect is commonly associated with Progestin-Only Pills (POPs)?

Decreased breast tenderness

Weight loss

Increased libido

Irregular menstrual bleeding (correct)

How do hormonal contraceptives generally alter the reproductive system?

By increasing blood flow to the reproductive organs

By suppressing the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis (correct)

By enhancing sperm motility

By promoting the release of luteinizing hormone

What is a potential risk associated with the use of Combined Oral Contraceptives?

Thromboembolism Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the mechanism of action of Progestin-Only Pills?

Thickening cervical mucus and altering the endometrial lining Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following conditions can hormonal contraceptives help manage?

Menstrual irregularities Signup and view all the answers

Which brand is recognized as a Combined Oral Contraceptive?

Microgynon Signup and view all the answers

What is a common side effect associated with hormonal contraceptives in general?

Breast tenderness Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of injectable contraceptives?

They thicken cervical mucus and prevent ovulation. Signup and view all the answers

Which side effect is commonly associated with the use of fertility drugs like Clomiphene Citrate?

Hot flashes Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of emergency contraception?

To prevent fertilization after unprotected intercourse. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential side effect of injectable contraceptives?

Delayed return to fertility Signup and view all the answers

How do Intrauterine Devices (IUDs) primarily function?

By preventing fertilization and implantation Signup and view all the answers

What complication might arise from prolonged use of injectable contraceptives?

Bone density loss Signup and view all the answers

What type of hormone do gonadotropins used in fertility treatments primarily include?

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) Signup and view all the answers

What side effect is commonly reported with the usage of emergency contraception?

Fatigue Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Reproductive Drugs

Reproductive drugs are medications used to manage, treat or prevent conditions related to reproduction.
Reproductive drugs include contraceptives, fertility drugs and emergency contraception.

Hormonal Contraceptives

Hormonal contraceptives prevent pregnancy by altering hormonal levels to inhibit ovulation, fertilization or implantation.

Combined Oral Contraceptives (COCs)

COCs contain estrogen and progestin.
COCs suppress the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Ovarian axis, preventing ovulation.
COCs thicken cervical mucus and alter the endometrial lining.
Common brands include Yasmin, Marvelon and Microgyon.
COCs can cause nausea, breast tenderness, weight gain, mood changes and increased risk of thromboembolism.

Progestin-Only Pills (POPs)

POPs primarily work by thickening cervical mucus and thinning the endometrial lining.
POPs can inhibit ovulation.
POPs can cause irregular menstrual bleeding, headaches and breast tenderness.

Injectable Contraceptives

Injectable contraceptives are administered via intramuscular injections.
Injectable contraceptives primarily contain depot medroxyprogesterone acetate, which prevents ovulation and thickens cervical mucus.
Injectable contraceptives can cause weight gain, delayed return to fertility and bone density loss with long-term use.

Intrauterine Devices (IUDs)

IUDs release hormones (levonorgestrel) or use copper to prevent fertilization and implantation.
IUDs can cause irregular bleeding, cramping and risk of uterine perforation.

Fertility Drugs

Fertility drugs aid in achieving pregnancy by stimulating ovulation or enhancing sperm production.

Clomiphene Citrate

Clomiphene Citrate is a selective estrogen receptor modulator.
Clomiphene Citrate induces ovulation by increasing follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) secretion.
Clomiphene Citrate can cause hot flashes, ovarian hyperstimulation, and multiple pregnancies.

Gonadotropins

Gonadotropins are injectable hormones (FSH and LH).
Gonadotropins stimulate the ovaries to induce follicular development and ovulation.
Gonadotropins can cause ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, multiple pregnancies, and injection site reactions.

Emergency Contraception

Emergency contraception is used after unprotected intercourse to prevent unintended pregnancy.
Emergency contraception can cause nausea, fatigue, headaches and menstrual irregularities.

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Description

This quiz covers the essential aspects of reproductive drugs, focusing on hormonal contraceptives such as combined oral contraceptives and progestin-only pills. Learn how these medications function in preventing pregnancy and their potential side effects. It is crucial for understanding reproductive health and options available.