Registered Behavior Technician Exam Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is a multiple stimulus with replacement?

Preference assessment where items are presented in an array (correct)

Single trial preference assessment

Presentation of items where chosen items are not returned

Assessment with no replacement of items

What are mass trials used for?

Learning new skills

What does errorless learning ensure?

Success with early immediate prompts that are faded over time

What is Intensive Trial Teaching?

A systematic procedure teaching skills in simple broken down steps with reinforcement Signup and view all the answers

What is a mand?

A request for something reinforcing Signup and view all the answers

What is a tact?

Identifying objects, items, or events and giving them a label Signup and view all the answers

What are echoics?

Imitative verbal responses to the speech of another person Signup and view all the answers

What does Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) focus on?

The application of behavioral principles to socially significant issues Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of behavior theory?

Explains what people do and why they do it by using observable actions. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term behavior refer to?

Everything that a living organism does. Signup and view all the answers

What is a deprivation state?

When a person cannot have something they want whenever they want it. Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of the Three-Term Contingency?

Antecedent, Behavior, Consequence. Signup and view all the answers

What are discriminative stimuli?

Cues that influence operant behavior by indicating the probable consequences of a response. Signup and view all the answers

What are the two reasons for behavior?

Escape and gain. Signup and view all the answers

What do motivating operations (MO) do?

Alter the effectiveness of reinforcers and the frequency of behaviors related to those reinforcers. Signup and view all the answers

What does IDD stand for?

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities. Signup and view all the answers

What are replacement behaviors?

Behaviors that are taught to replace less desirable behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What does Functional Communication Training (FCT) aim to address?

Challenging behaviors by teaching the individual to communicate instead. Signup and view all the answers

What is verbal behavior training?

Training that addresses critical communication skills through various language purposes. Signup and view all the answers

What does task analysis involve?

Identifying and teaching steps in a process. Signup and view all the answers

What are pivotal skills?

Skills that help individuals learn other skills more easily. Signup and view all the answers

What is joint attention?

When two individuals share focus on the same stimulus at one time. Signup and view all the answers

What is behavioral shaping?

Increasing desirable behaviors gradually, one small step at a time. Signup and view all the answers

What is differential reinforcement?

Decreasing one behavior while increasing another by reinforcing appropriate actions. Signup and view all the answers

What does continuous reinforcement mean?

A reinforcer follows every response. Signup and view all the answers

What is a fixed ratio schedule?

A schedule requiring a fixed number of responses for reinforcement. Signup and view all the answers

What is a variable interval schedule?

Reinforcement after behavior is displayed for an average length of time. Signup and view all the answers

What is extinction in behavior analysis?

Removal of reinforcement for a targeted behavior to decrease its occurrence. Signup and view all the answers

What does type one punishment involve?

Adding a stimulus to reduce future occurrences of behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What does type two punishment refer to?

Taking something away to reduce behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is token economics?

Using tokens or stickers to reinforce specific behaviors. Signup and view all the answers

What is operant conditioning?

The concept that behavior is controlled by its consequences. Signup and view all the answers

What does the matching law state?

Individuals will engage in the behavior that offers the best reinforcement. Signup and view all the answers

What is generalization in behavior analysis?

When a behavior is displayed under different circumstances than those in which it was learned. Signup and view all the answers

What type of data is collected as baseline data?

Data collected before an intervention. Signup and view all the answers

What is partial interval recording?

A method of recording if a behavior occurred at any time during an interval. Signup and view all the answers

What does trial by trial data collection involve?

Marking the learner's response after each discrete trial. Signup and view all the answers

What does the term reinforcement assessment refer to?

A variety of methods for measuring the effectiveness of stimuli as reinforcers. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA)

Focuses on applying behavioral principles to address socially significant issues.
Aims for meaningful and measurable behavioral change.

Behavior Theory

Revolves around understanding human actions based on observable phenomena.

Behavior

Encompasses all activities exhibited by living organisms.

Deprivation State

Occurs when individuals cannot access desired items or stimuli at will.

Three-Term Contingency (ABC)

Consists of Antecedent, Behavior, and Consequence, foundational for behavior analysis.

Discriminative Stimuli

Serve as cues influencing operant behavior by signaling likely outcomes.

Reasons for Behavior

Primarily categorized into escape and gain motivations.

Motivating Operations (MO)

Environmental variables that modify the effectiveness of reinforcers or punishers.
They also affect the frequency of related behaviors.

Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (IDD)

Refers to impairments in intellectual functioning and adaptive behaviors.

Replacement Behaviors

Designed to substitute unwanted behaviors with more acceptable alternatives.

Functional Communication Training (FCT)

Teaches communication skills to reduce challenging behaviors.

Verbal Behavior Training

Develops essential communication abilities aligned with language functions, including mands and tacts.

Task Analysis

Involves breaking down tasks into manageable steps for effective teaching and reinforcement.

Pivotal Skills

Fundamental abilities that facilitate learning new concepts or skills.

Joint Attention

A social interaction where two individuals focus on the same stimulus simultaneously.

Behavioral Shaping

Gradual reinforcement of successive approximations towards a desired behavior.

Differential Reinforcement

Involves reinforcing desired behaviors while decreasing undesired ones.

Reinforcement Schedules

Continuous (CRF): Reinforcement follows every response.
Fixed Ratio (FR): Requires a set number of responses for reinforcement.
Fixed Interval (FI): Enforces reinforcement after a specified time period.
Variable Ratio (VR): Reinforcement occurs after a varying number of responses.
Variable Interval (VI): Reinforcement is delivered after an average elapsed time.

Extinction

Involves withdrawing reinforcement to reduce undesirable behaviors.

Differential Reinforcement Types

DRI: Reinforces alternative behaviors that cannot coexist with problem behaviors.
DRA: Similar to DRI but does not require behaviors to be incompatible.
DRO: Reinforces any appropriate behavior during a set time frame without the problem behavior.
DRL: Reduces frequency but maintains appropriate behavior.
DRH: Reinforces higher frequency behaviors.

Escape Extinction

Prevents individuals from avoiding undesirable tasks or situations.

Spontaneous Recovery

Reappearance of previously extinguished behaviors under certain conditions.

Response Blocking

Involves preventing harmful behavior without significant feedback.

Types of Punishment

Type One (Positive): Adds a stimulus to decrease a behavior.
Type Two (Negative): Removes a stimulus to reduce behavior.

Token Economics

Utilizes tokens as a reinforcer for desired behaviors, promoting positive behavior changes.

Stimulus Control

Behavior differs based on presence or absence of specific stimuli.

Operant Conditioning

Emphasizes controlling future behavior through consequences.

Discriminative Stimuli Concepts

Naturally Occurring: Unconscious stimuli influencing behavior.
Planned: Intentional cues designed to facilitate certain behaviors.

Stimulus Class

A collection of stimuli sharing certain characteristics.

Stimulus Equivalence

Recognition of untrained stimuli to produce correct responses.

Prompting Techniques

Most to Least Prompting: Start with maximum assistance, reducing over time.
Least to Most Prompting: Begin with minimal help, increasing if necessary.
Time Delay: Transitioning prompts through time intervals.

Data Types in ABA

Baseline Data: Collected before intervention begins.
Rate/Density: Frequency of behavior per time unit.
Duration: Total time behavior is observed.
Latency: Time taken for behavior to commence after a cue.
Topography: Describes the physical appearance of behaviors.

Recording Methods

Anecdotal Recording: Observational notes for behavioral insights.
Continuous Data Recording: Every instance of behavior is documented.
Interval Recording: Recorded if the behavior occurs during specified intervals.
Permanent Product Recording: Tangible results of behavior are measured.

Special Techniques

Errorless Learning: Reduces mistakes by providing prompts to ensure success.
Intensive Trial Teaching: Focuses on reinforcing small steps for skill acquisition.

Generalization

Behavior transfer across different environments, individuals, or circumstances.

Incident Reporting Rules

Critical for documenting events clearly, completely, and timely for appropriate audiences.

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Description

Prepare for the Registered Behavior Technician Exam with these flashcards covering key terms and definitions in Applied Behavior Analysis. This quiz is designed to help you understand concepts like behavior theory and the application of behavioral principles. Enhance your study sessions for a successful outcome!