Questions and Answers
How can you best protect yourself from possible bloodborne pathogen transmission when providing care?
Use personal protective equipment (PPE), such as disposable gloves and a breathing barrier.
What care should you provide to a 12-year-old child in respiratory distress due to asthma without an inhaler?
Summon more advanced medical personnel and place the victim into a position that helps breathing.
Your initial impression of a victim is based on:
How the victim appears to you as you size up the scene.
What should you do after finding an unresponsive adult with a pulse?
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Before approaching an injured victim, which of the following will you NOT do as you size up the scene?
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When providing care during an emergency, which of the following should you do first?
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How deeply should you compress the chest during CPR on an adult?
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CPR should be performed on which type of victim?
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What is the first step of the Adult Cardiac Chain of Survival?
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What should you do first when caring for a victim suspected of having a heart attack?
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What should you do after turning on the AED?
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To ensure high-quality CPR, what should you do?
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What is the most appropriate action for an assisting responder when they arrive?
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Which equipment is essential for protecting during ventilations?
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Which should you do first for a responsive victim who has fallen?
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For which situation should you summon EMS personnel immediately?
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What should you do next after finding an unresponsive adult with occasional gasps?
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How should AED pads be placed for a small child or infant?
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What should be done first in a primary assessment after determining safety?
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What is the most accurate statement about bag-valve-mask resuscitators (BVMs)?
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When giving ventilations to a 5-year-old child using a resuscitation mask, how frequently should ventilations be given?
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What is the recommended rate for chest compressions during CPR?
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What should you tell everyone during an AED shock?
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How should AED pads be applied to a victim with body piercings?
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What is the cycle of chest compressions and ventilations in two-rescuer CPR for an infant?
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What should you do after positioning a resuscitation mask on a child?
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What is the first step if a choking victim becomes unresponsive?
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Where should you place your hands when giving chest compressions to an infant?
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Where should you position your fist when giving abdominal thrusts to an adult who is choking?
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What should you do if a person has been injured and is responsive?
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What should you do next after noticing severe life-threatening bleeding in an unresponsive adult?
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After summoning EMS personnel and obtaining consent from a bleeding victim, what is the next care step?
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What does the 'A' in SAMPLE stand for when taking a brief history?
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What is the first step you should take in caring for a victim with burns?
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What should you do if a victim is having a seizure in the water?
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Who should you approach first if the bleachers collapse and multiple people appear injured?
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When caring for musculoskeletal injuries, what does RICE stand for?
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Which of the following is NOT a component of scene size-up?
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Signs and symptoms of sudden illness do not include:
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What does the 'C' stand for in LOC during a secondary assessment?
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During a primary assessment, which of the following should you check first?
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Which of the following is the universal sign that a conscious person is choking?
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What should you do first when the victim vomits during ventilations?
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What method should you use for giving chest thrusts to a conscious infant who is choking?
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What position should you place an unresponsive but breathing victim while waiting for EMS?
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What action is most appropriate when noticing a medication patch on the chest before using an AED?
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What should you do if an infant's airway is open and not obstructed?
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What is the correct action if a person has persistent chest pain?
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What should you tell the patron after performing a primary assessment on an unresponsive victim?
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What should you do after summoning EMS personnel for a responsive and bleeding victim?
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What should you do for a patron experiencing a diabetic emergency?
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What do the signs of slurred speech, inability to lift an arm, and drooping face indicate?
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What should you do after an injured person arrives on the scene?
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What should you do next after controlling severe bleeding in an unresponsive adult?
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What could indicate that a patron is going into shock?
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Study Notes
Bloodborne Pathogen Protection
- Use personal protective equipment (PPE) like disposable gloves and breathing barriers during care.
Asthma Emergency Response
- For an asthmatic child unable to breathe and without an inhaler, summon advanced medical help and assist with positioning for better airflow.
Initial Impression of Victim
- Form the initial impression based on the victim’s appearance and the scene assessment.
Unresponsive Adult Assessment
- If an adult has a pulse but is unresponsive, call EMS and provide ventilations at a rate of 1 every 5-6 seconds.
Scene Evaluation Before Care
- Do not start a primary assessment before assessing the scene for safety and potential hazards.
Emergency Care Protocol
- Size up the scene first, creating an initial assessment to understand the situation and needs.
CPR Compression Depth
- Chest compressions for adults during CPR should be at least 2 inches deep but no more than 2.4 inches.
Cardiac Arrest Indication
- CPR is indicated for victims experiencing cardiac arrest.
Adult Cardiac Chain of Survival
- The first step is recognizing a cardiac emergency and activating the emergency response system.
Heart Attack Response
- For a suspected heart attack, summon EMS immediately to ensure timely medical intervention.
AED Usage
- Once the AED is activated, apply pads and allow the device to analyze the heart rhythm.
Effective CPR Techniques
- High-quality CPR requires exposure of the chest for proper hand placement and full recoil between compressions.
Assisting Responder Responsibilities
- The first task for an assisting responder upon arrival is to check if EMS has been called.
Disease Transmission Protection
- Use resuscitation masks for effective ventilations while minimizing disease transmission risk.
Consent in Care
- Always obtain consent from the victim before providing care, especially if they're responsive.
EMS Activation Criteria
- Activate EMS for severe injuries, such as open leg wounds exposing bone.
Primary Assessment During Respiratory Issues
- For an unresponsive victim, perform two ventilations followed by CPR if no pulse is detected.
AED Pad Placement
- In small children or infants, position AED pads one on the chest and one on the back to avoid contact.
Primary Assessment Steps
- Start the primary assessment by checking for the victim's responsiveness.
Two-Rescuer BVM Operations
- Bag-valve-mask (BVM) ventilations are more effective when used by two rescuers for better seal and efficiency.
Child Ventilation Timing
- Administer ventilations to a 5-year-old child at a rate of one every 3 seconds.
Compressions Rate in CPR
- Ensure chest compressions during CPR are administered at a rate of 100 to 120 compressions per minute.
AED Shock Administration
- Upon AED advising a shock, ensure everyone stands clear of the victim.
Jewelry and AED Pads
- Place AED pads at least 1 inch away from any body jewelry to prevent interference.
Chest Compression Cycle for Infants
- In two-rescuer CPR for infants, the cycle involves 15 chest compressions followed by 2 ventilations.
Ventilation Technique
- After positioning and sealing a resuscitation mask for a child, tilt the head back to open the airway.
Choking Response for Unresponsive Victim
- If a choking victim becomes unresponsive, lower them to the ground and begin CPR starting with chest compressions.
Compression Technique for Infants
- Use one hand on the infant’s forehead and two or three fingers for compressions at the center of the chest.
Adult Abdominal Thrusts
- Position the fist in the middle of the abdomen, just above the navel, when giving abdominal thrusts.
Responsive Injury Protocol
- For a responsive injured person, obtain consent, check for life-threatening conditions, and gather information about the incident.
Life-Threatening Bleeding Response
- Immediately control any severe bleeding found during the initial assessment of an unresponsive adult.
Dressing for Bleeding Wounds
- After ensuring EMS is called and gloves are worn, press a sterile dressing firmly against a bleeding wound.
SAMPLE History Taking
- “A” in SAMPLE stands for Allergies, used for taking medical history during assessments.
Burns Immediate Care
- The first step for burn victims is to move them away from the source of burn.
Seizure Management in Water
- In the case of a seizure occurring in water, support the victim's head above the surface until the seizure subsides.
Prioritization in Emergencies
- When confronted with multiple victims, prioritize unconscious individuals requiring immediate attention.
RICE Protocol for Musculoskeletal Injuries
- RICE stands for Rest, Immobilize, Cold, and Elevate to manage musculoskeletal injuries.
Scene Size-Up Components
- Checking for responsiveness is not a part of the scene size-up; it's part of the primary assessment.
Symptoms of Sudden Illness
- Bruising or rigidity of the abdomen are not typical symptoms of sudden illness.
LOC in Secondary Assessment
- The "C" in LOC signifies Consciousness, a key aspect during assessments of consciousness levels.
Primary Assessment Considerations
- During primary assessments, observe responsiveness; do not waste time assessing for swelling.
Universal Choking Sign
- Clutching the throat is recognized as the universal sign of choking in a conscious person.
Vomiting During Ventilations
- If the victim vomits while receiving ventilations, follow appropriate protocols to clear the airway before continuing.
Chest Thrusts for Choking Infants
- When performing chest thrusts on an infant, utilize two or three fingers for proper technique.
Positioning while Waiting for EMS
- If a victim is unresponsive but breathing, position them in a recovery position while waiting for EMS.
AED Pad Precaution
- Medication patches should be removed with gloved hands before applying AED pads to the chest.
Proper Hand Positioning for Compressions
- When giving chest compressions to adults, position one hand's heel at the center of the chest with the other hand atop.
Rescuer Fatigue Management
- In multi-rescuer CPR, change positions every two minutes to combat fatigue and optimize care.
Initial Assessment for Unresponsive Victims
- If confronted with an unresponsive victim without a pulse, begin CPR immediately with cycles of compressions and ventilations.
Severe Chest Pain Emergency
- Persistent chest pain is a critical condition that justifies an immediate call for emergency services.
Non-Movement Instruction
- Advise bystanders that a victim should not be moved unless in immediate danger to avoid potential harm.
Responsive Bleeding Care Steps
- After summoning EMS, obtaining consent, and wearing gloves, apply firm pressure on the wound with a sterile dressing.
Diabetic Emergency Response
- Administer glucose tablets for diabetic emergencies as an immediate corrective measure.
Stroke Symptoms
- Symptoms such as slurred speech and facial droop can indicate a stroke; timing of symptoms is crucial for treatment.
CPR Origin for Unresponsive Victims
- If a choking victim becomes unresponsive, lower them to the ground and initiate CPR starting with chest compressions.
Severe Bleeding Concerns
- Control any evident severe life-threatening bleeding encountered during the initial assessment promptly.
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Test your knowledge on CPR, AED usage, and first aid with these flashcards. The quiz focuses on essential techniques and safety measures to protect yourself while providing care. It's perfect for those preparing for Red Cross certification.