Questions and Answers
How can you best protect yourself from possible bloodborne pathogen transmission when providing care?
Use personal protective equipment (PPE), such as disposable gloves and a breathing barrier.
What care should you provide for a 12-year-old child at a swim meet who grabs their chest and has a history of asthma?
Summon more advanced medical personnel and place the victim into a position that helps breathing.
Your initial impression of a victim is based on?
How the victim appears to you as you size up the scene.
What should you do after summoning EMS personnel for an unresponsive adult who has a pulse but is not breathing?
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Which of the following will you NOT do as you size up the scene before approaching an injured victim?
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When providing care during an emergency, which of the following should you do first?
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How deeply should you compress the chest during CPR on an adult?
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CPR should be performed on which of the following victims?
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What is the first step of the Adult Cardiac Chain of Survival?
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What should you do first when providing care to a victim suspected of having a heart attack?
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Once you have turned on the automated external defibrillator (AED), what should you do?
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To ensure high-quality CPR, what should you do?
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What is the most appropriate action for an assisting responder who arrives while CPR is being performed?
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What is most essential to use when giving ventilations to protect you and the victim from disease transmission?
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In caring for a responsive victim after a fall, what should you do first?
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For which of the following should you summon EMS personnel?
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What should you do next after finding an unresponsive adult who has only occasional gasps and no pulse?
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If there is a risk of AED pads touching each other, what should you do?
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What should you do first when starting the primary assessment after obtaining an initial impression?
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What is the most accurate statement about bag-valve-mask resuscitators (BVMs)?
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How often should you give ventilations to a 5-year-old child using a resuscitation mask?
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What is the rate of compressions during CPR?
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What should you do when an AED advises that a shock should be given?
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What should you do if you notice several body piercings with jewelry on a victim's chest before applying AED pads?
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What is the cycle of chest compressions and ventilations in two-rescuer CPR for an infant?
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What should you do after positioning and sealing a resuscitation mask on a child?
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What should you do first if a choking victim becomes unresponsive?
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Where should you place your hands when giving chest compressions to an infant during CPR?
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Where should you position your fist when giving abdominal thrusts to an adult who is choking?
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What should you do for a responsive person who has been injured?
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What should you do next after your initial impression reveals severe life-threatening bleeding in an adult victim who appears unresponsive?
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After summoning EMS personnel for a responsive and bleeding patron, what is your next care step?
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What does the A in the acronym SAMPLE stand for?
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What is the first step to take in caring for a victim with burns?
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What should you do if a victim is having a seizure in water?
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Who should you approach first among injured victims at a swim meet where several appear injured?
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What does RICE stand for when caring for musculoskeletal injuries?
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All of the following are components of scene size-up EXCEPT:
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Signs and symptoms of sudden illness do not include:
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What does the C stand for in LOC (level of consciousness)?
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During the primary assessment, you should check for all of the following EXCEPT:
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Which of the following would you identify as the universal sign that a conscious person is choking?
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If a victim vomits while giving ventilations with a resuscitation mask, what should you do first?
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What would you use to give chest thrusts to a conscious infant who is choking?
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How would you position a victim who is unresponsive but breathing while waiting for EMS personnel?
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What should you do when you notice a medication patch on a victim's chest while preparing to use an AED?
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What is the most accurate statement about bag-valve-mask resuscitators (BVMs)?
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How would you position your hands when giving chest compressions to an adult?
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Which of the following statements about performing CPR with two or more rescuers is true?
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What finding would lead you to determine that an infant's airway is open and not obstructed?
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During a primary assessment, what should you check first?
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What should you do after finding that the swim team coach does not have a pulse?
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What symptom would lead you to determine that a victim is experiencing respiratory distress?
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After forming an initial impression and finding that a victim has a pulse but is not breathing, what should you do next?
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What should you do if a drowning victim shows signs of not breathing after giving your first ventilation?
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What should the other lifeguard do next after you determine that there is no breathing or pulse in a victim?
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What life-threatening condition would require you to immediately summon EMS personnel for a responsive injured victim?
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What should you do when entering a locker room and finding an unresponsive person lying on the floor?
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What care step should you take next for a responsive injured patron after obtaining consent and putting on gloves?
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If a patron seems to be having a diabetic emergency, what should you do?
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What symptoms indicate a stroke in a patron?
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What should you do if a choking victim becomes unresponsive?
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What should you do next if your initial impression indicates severe life-threatening bleeding in an unresponsive adult?
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What condition might a patron who has cut their leg and appears restless and irritable be in?
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Study Notes
Personal Safety and Equipment
- Use personal protective equipment (PPE) like disposable gloves and breathing barriers to prevent bloodborne pathogen transmission.
Child Asthma Emergency
- In cases of a child showing respiratory distress, summon medical help and position the victim for easier breathing.
Initial Assessment
- Initial impressions are based on visual assessment; size up the scene to determine necessary actions.
Unresponsive Adult Care
- For an unresponsive adult with a pulse, summon EMS and give ventilations at a rate of 1 every 5-6 seconds.
Scene Size-Up
- Do not start a primary assessment before completing a thorough scene size-up.
CPR Basics
- Start by sizing up the scene and forming an initial impression before giving care.
- Chest compressions for adults should be at least 2 inches deep but not exceeding 2.4 inches.
Cardiac Emergency Response
- CPR is indicated for victims in cardiac arrest; immediate recognition and activation of emergency response systems is crucial.
Automated External Defibrillator (AED) Use
- After turning on the AED, apply pads and allow it to analyze the heart rhythm.
Quality of CPR
- Ensure chest is exposed for proper hand placement; full chest recoil is essential for high-quality compressions.
- When using a bag-valve-mask, effectiveness increases with two rescuers.
Ventilation Guidelines
- Administer 1 ventilation every 3 seconds for child victims; use a resuscitation mask to minimize disease transmission risks.
Responding to Choking
- When an adult is choking, abdominal thrusts are performed just above the navel.
- If a choking child becomes unresponsive, begin CPR immediately.
Patient Consent and Scene Management
- Always obtain consent from responsive victims before providing care.
- Make sure to control any severe bleeding before continuing care or checking for other conditions.
Assessment Techniques
- Use the SAMPLE acronym during patient history evaluation: Signs and symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past medical history, Last oral intake, and Events leading up to the incident.
Injury Protocols
- For burns, the first action is to remove the victim from the burn source. Apply direct pressure to bleeding wounds after assessing the victim and calling EMS.
- For musculoskeletal injuries, remember RICE: Rest, Immobilize, Cold, Elevate.
Assessing Responsiveness and Conditions
- During the primary assessment, check responsiveness first and look for life-threatening conditions.
- Recognize choking by the universal sign of clutching the throat.
Specialized Situations
- Vomiting during assisted ventilations prompts the need to clear the airway before proceeding.
- Position an unresponsive but breathing victim in recovery position while waiting for EMS.
Signs of Distress and Emergency Conditions
- Recognize respiratory distress by symptoms like gasping for breath; monitor for signs of a stroke using the FAST acronym: Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time to call emergency services.
Managing Shock
- Symptoms of shock include restlessness and irritability, indicating the need for urgent care.
Secondary Assessments
- In secondary assessments, look for changes in the level of consciousness (LOC) to gauge response and condition status.
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Test your knowledge on CPR, AED use, and first aid with these flashcards. Each card focuses on critical concepts and actions necessary for effective emergency care. Perfect for individuals preparing for a certification or enhancing their skills in first response care.