Podcast
Questions and Answers
What characterizes anulocytes in blood cell analysis?
What characterizes anulocytes in blood cell analysis?
- RBCs with increased central pallor
- RBCs with a thin rim of hemoglobin and a large, clear center (correct)
- RBCs displaying irregular shapes and sizes
- RBCs that are smaller than normal and dark in color
Which condition is likely associated with hyperchromic cells?
Which condition is likely associated with hyperchromic cells?
- Hemolytic anemia
- Hereditary spherocytosis (correct)
- Thalassemia
- Sickle cell anemia
What does an increased osmotic fragility test indicate?
What does an increased osmotic fragility test indicate?
- A definitive diagnosis of hereditary spherocytosis
- Increased sensitivity of RBCs to hemolysis in hypotonic solutions (correct)
- Low levels of reticulocytes in the blood
- High levels of hyperchromic cells
What is a likely diagnostic test result for autoimmune conditions linked to spherocytes?
What is a likely diagnostic test result for autoimmune conditions linked to spherocytes?
Which finding is considered correctable in the autohemolysis test?
Which finding is considered correctable in the autohemolysis test?
What grading level indicates 10% of polychromatophilic RBCs present?
What grading level indicates 10% of polychromatophilic RBCs present?
Which of the following tests is suggestive of increased oxidative stress in the red blood cells?
Which of the following tests is suggestive of increased oxidative stress in the red blood cells?
Which of the following correctly describes polychromatophilic erythrocytes?
Which of the following correctly describes polychromatophilic erythrocytes?
Flashcards
Anulocyte (Pessary Cell)
Anulocyte (Pessary Cell)
A red blood cell with a thin hemoglobin rim and a large, clear center, often seen in iron deficiency anemia.
Hyperchromic Cells
Hyperchromic Cells
Red blood cells with reduced central pallor (often due to spherocytosis) but normal size, associated with high MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration) and conditions like hereditary spherocytosis.
Polychromatophilic Erythrocytes
Polychromatophilic Erythrocytes
Larger-than-normal red blood cells with a bluish tint (visible with Wright's stain), possibly indicating decreased red blood cell survival, hemorrhage, or bone marrow problems.
DAT (Direct Antiglobulin Test)
DAT (Direct Antiglobulin Test)
Laboratory test to detect antibodies on red blood cells, often positive in immune diseases.
Signup and view all the flashcards
MCV
MCV
Mean Corpuscular Volume: A measure of the average size of red blood cells.
Signup and view all the flashcards
MCH
MCH
Average amount of hemoglobin per red blood cell.
Signup and view all the flashcards
MCHC
MCHC
Average concentration of hemoglobin in red blood cells.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Autohemolysis Test
Autohemolysis Test
A test that measures the rate at which red blood cells break down in a sample, which if increased, is often correctable with glucose or ATP.
Signup and view all the flashcards
OFT (Osmotic Fragility Test)
OFT (Osmotic Fragility Test)
A test to evaluate the ability of red blood cells to withstand changes in salt concentrations. An increased osmotic fragility could suggest hereditary spherocytosis
Signup and view all the flashcards
EMA Binding Test
EMA Binding Test
Fluorescence test using flow cytometry to assess red blood cell properties.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Eosin 5' Maleimide Test
Eosin 5' Maleimide Test
A test used to detect malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of oxidative stress.
Signup and view all the flashcards
Polychromasia grading
Polychromasia grading
A method to categorize the percentage of polychromatophilic red blood cells in a sample.
Signup and view all the flashcardsStudy Notes
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Abnormalities
- Anulocytes (aka Pessary cells): RBCs with a thin rim of hemoglobin and a large, clear center; often seen in iron deficiency anemia
- Hyperchromic cells: RBCs lacking central pallor, even with a desirable location for evaluation; these RBCs are actually spherocytes; a shape change; true hyperchromia occurs with high MCHC
- Hereditary Spherocytosis (HS): Characterized by high MCHC (above reference range) and often causing splenomegaly and jaundice. HS is the only common cause of high MCHC. Clinical symptoms include splenomegaly and jaundice
- DAT (direct antiglobulin test): Negative in HS
- MCV: Normal to low in HS
- MCH: Normal in HS
- MCHC: Slightly increased in HS
Polychromatophilic Erythrocytes
- Larger than normal RBCs with bluish tinge (Wright's stain). This is due to residual RNA and is associated with decreased RBC survival, hemorrhage, or erythroid hyperplasia of the bone marrow.
- High numbers indicate problems such as decreased RBC survival, hemorrhage, or erythroid hyperplasia of the bone marrow
Grading of Polychromasia
- Slight: 1% polychromatophilic RBCs
- 1+ : 3% polychromatophilic RBCs
- 2+: 5% polychromatophilic RBCs
- 3+: 10% polychromatophilic RBCs
- 4+: >10% polychromatophilic RBCs
Additional Test Information
- Autohemolysis test: Greatly increased, but can be corrected by glucose or ATP
- Osmotic fragility test (OFT): Increased osmotic fragility, but not diagnostic of HS
- EMA (Erythrocyte membrane antigen) binding test: Fluorescence (flow cytometry) used
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
