Recognizing Fallacies in Critical Thinking (ADV 112)
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Questions and Answers

What type of fallacy is committed when an arguer draws a general conclusion from a biased or too small sample?

  • Hasty Generalization (correct)
  • Loaded Question
  • Weak Analogy
  • Questionable Cause

What type of fallacy is committed by an arguer who asks a question containing an unfair or unwarranted assumption?

  • Weak Analogy
  • Loaded Question (correct)
  • Questionable Cause
  • Hasty Generalization

Which fallacy involves claiming that one thing is the cause of something else without sufficient evidence?

  • Hasty Generalization
  • Questionable Cause (correct)
  • Weak Analogy
  • Loaded Question

Which fallacy is committed when an argument depends on a comparison between two things that are not similar in relevant respects?

<p>Weak Analogy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which fallacy involves concluding that one event caused another just because the first event preceded the second?

<p>Questionable Cause (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which fallacy does an individual presuppose, without justification, that a certain action occurred in the past?

<p>Loaded Question (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'X and Y are linked one or a few times. Therefore X causes Y.' represents which fallacy?

<p>Hasty Generalization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the process of back translation involve?

<p>Translating a text into another language and then translating it back into the original language (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important for the back translation process to be done by a translator who has no prior knowledge of the study?

<p>To maintain objectivity and reduce bias in the comparison (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the context provided, what decision is often left to the researcher regarding back translation?

<p>Deciding on whether to improve study quality or cast doubt on validity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical consideration in back translation to ensure an accurate comparison?

<p>Paying attention to cultural nuances and sensitivities (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be a potential outcome of not following the guidelines for back translation?

<p>Increased doubt about the study's validity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it crucial to pay attention to sensitive translation problems across cultures in back translation?

<p>To respect cultural differences and nuances (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common application of back translation mentioned in the text?

<p>Global market research (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did the school board in Colorado conclude that teaching methods needed to be changed?

<p>Because 72% of Colorado children scored below the national average for their grade (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the fact that 72% of Colorado children scored at or above the national average imply?

<p>There is no need to change teaching methods (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why was it stated that the conclusion about changing teaching methods was not justified by the data?

<p>As a result of misinterpretation of test results (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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