Rare Bacterial Food-Borne Infections Brucella spp.

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How is F. tularensis classified in terms of parasitism?

Symbiotic parasite

Facultative parasite

Obligate parasite (correct)

Endemic parasite

Which of the following animals can be infected by F. tularensis in Canada?

Rats and bats

Deer and elk

Foxes and wolves

Rodents, rabbits, muskrats, and beavers (correct)

What is the association of Streptococcus pyogenes with humans?

Causes sore throats in dogs

Causes pharyngitis in humans (correct)

Causes chills in cats

Causes mastitis in cows

How does infection with F. tularensis occur?

Direct contact with feces, blood, or organs of infected animals (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the risks associated with F. tularensis infection?

Risk for people working with wild-game or in laboratories (A) Signup and view all the answers

What are the symptoms of Q fever in humans?

Fever, malaise, anorexia, muscular pain, and headache (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the most heat-resistant bacteria found in raw milk?

Coxiella burnetii (D) Signup and view all the answers

How can Coxiella burnetii be transmitted to humans?

Handling infected animals, raw milk, and meat (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a control measure to prevent Streptococcus infection from spreading through food?

Prohibiting individuals with Streptococcus infection from handling ready-to-eat foods (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of Coxiella burnetii infection in humans?

Skin rash (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the case-fatality rate of untreated cutaneous anthrax?

10-40% (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which region in Canada has experienced repeated anthrax outbreaks?

Northwest Territories (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the case-fatality rate of pulmonary or intestinal anthrax without early treatment?

90-100% (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended way to prevent human infections of anthrax?

Control anthrax in animals (B) Signup and view all the answers

In the USA, who is human vaccination against anthrax primarily restricted to?

High-risk individuals like laboratory or military personnel (C) Signup and view all the answers

How is anthrax primarily transmitted to humans?

Direct contact with infected animals and their products (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anthrax infection is most common in humans?

Cutaneous anthrax (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the rare form of anthrax infection that occurs from inhaling airborne spores?

Pulmonary anthrax (A) Signup and view all the answers

In addition to skin abrasions, how else can humans get infected with anthrax?

By inhaling spores during sheep shearing (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which region is more likely to have anthrax outbreaks due to insufficient veterinary services?

Central and South America (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which Gram-negative bacteria genus is responsible for causing brucellosis in humans?

Brucella spp. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for human infections caused by Brucella spp.?

Bang's Disease (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following animals is not a main host for Brucella abortus, a bacterium that can infect humans?

Pigs (B) Signup and view all the answers

What economic impact do Brucella spp. infections have on food-producing animals?

Cause abortion and infertility (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes pathogens that can be transmitted between animals and humans?

Zoonotic pathogens (A) Signup and view all the answers