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Questions and Answers
What is the primary cause of ground subsidence?
Which of the following is a key advantage of watershed management?
What is the primary cause of agricultural drought?
Which of the following is a key disadvantage of dams?
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What is the primary purpose of rainwater harvesting?
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Which of the following is a key technique of watershed management?
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Which of the following is NOT an advantage of proper watershed management?
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Which technique involves capturing and storing rainwater from rooftops and other surfaces?
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What is the primary function of soil in the nutrient cycle?
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Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing soil formation?
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What is the study of soils in their natural environment called?
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Which of the following is NOT a process involved in soil formation?
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What is the primary objective of rainwater harvesting?
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Which of the following is NOT a technique of rainwater harvesting?
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Which of the following is a primary advantage of watershed management?
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What is the primary purpose of water conservation?
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Which of the following statements about watershed management is NOT true?
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Which of the following is NOT a technique of rainwater harvesting mentioned in the text?
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Study Notes
Land Resources
- Proper utilization of marginal or waste lands through alternate land use systems to maximize productivity and scope for beneficial developmental activities.
- Development of rural areas with clear plans for improving the economy of the region.
Soil
- Soil is a dynamic natural body capable of supporting a vegetative cover, composed of weathered rocks, water, oxygen, and organic materials.
- Soil formation processes: physical weathering, chemical weathering, and biological weathering.
- Factors influencing soil formation: parent material, living organisms, climate, topography, and time.
- Soil types: Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic rocks.
- Soil profile functions: facilitating nutrient cycle, food and biomass production, storing water, regulating water supply, filtering groundwater, and serving as a biological habitat.
Water Conservation
- Decreasing runoff losses, reducing evaporation losses, storing water in soil, reducing irrigation losses, reusing water, and preventing wastage of water.
- Rainwater harvesting: modern rainwater harvesting, objectives, and techniques.
- Techniques of rainwater harvesting: constructing special structures like dug wells, percolation pits, lagoons, check dams, tanks, etc.
Watershed Management
- A watershed is an area of land that drains to a common location, varying in size from small streams to entire areas draining to an ocean.
- Advantages of watershed management: ensuring ecological balance, stabilizing income, minimizing risks of drought, landslides, floods, and reducing erosion and sediment production.
Water Cycle
- Source of water: surface water (rainfall, snow) and ground water (confined and unconfined aquifer).
- Overexploitation of ground water: ground subsidence, lowering water table, reduced surface water flow, increased power consumption, water logging, and ground water pollution.
Water Calamities
- Flood: types (flash, river, coastal), causes (upslope and downslope factors), and effects (loss of life and property, damage to crops, etc.).
- Drought: types (meteorological, hydrological, agricultural), causes (dry season, climate change, erosion, and human activity), and effects (decrease in crop growth, dust storm, famine, etc.).
Dams
- Advantages of dams: electricity generation, employment, irrigation water supply, drinking water supply, reduction in famine, and flood control.
- Disadvantages of dams: displacement of people, loss of forest, changes in aquatic environment, waterlogging, microclimatic changes, reduced water flow, flash flood, and salt water intrusion.
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Description
Test your knowledge on rainwater harvesting, a sustainable practice to conserve water and prevent outbreaks of vector-borne diseases. Learn the objectives and benefits of rainwater harvesting in domestic, industrial, and agricultural sectors.
