Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which radiographic study should be used to determine the extent of damage to the joint in a patient with degenerative disease of the left knee?
Which radiographic study should be used to determine the extent of damage to the joint in a patient with degenerative disease of the left knee?
Which positioning routine should be used to evaluate the longitudinal arches of the feet?
Which positioning routine should be used to evaluate the longitudinal arches of the feet?
Which additional knee projection(s) will better demonstrate loose bodies if AP and lateral projections fail to do so?
Which additional knee projection(s) will better demonstrate loose bodies if AP and lateral projections fail to do so?
Which single projection of the basic knee series will best demonstrate Osgood-Schlatter condition in a young male patient?
Which single projection of the basic knee series will best demonstrate Osgood-Schlatter condition in a young male patient?
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What can the technologist do if a patient with restricted movement cannot lie on the radiographic table due to pain?
What can the technologist do if a patient with restricted movement cannot lie on the radiographic table due to pain?
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What is the recommended source image receptor distance (SID) for lower limb radiography?
What is the recommended source image receptor distance (SID) for lower limb radiography?
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Is the use of a grid required for foot and ankle studies?
Is the use of a grid required for foot and ankle studies?
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With careful and close collimation, what is the necessity of gonadal shielding during lower limb radiography?
With careful and close collimation, what is the necessity of gonadal shielding during lower limb radiography?
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What is the recommended kVp range for knee radiography?
What is the recommended kVp range for knee radiography?
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Should technologists hold pediatric patients during radiography?
Should technologists hold pediatric patients during radiography?
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What should be allowed for bariatric patients during lower limb radiography?
What should be allowed for bariatric patients during lower limb radiography?
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What is the definition of Paget disease?
What is the definition of Paget disease?
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What is a characteristic of Ewing sarcoma?
What is a characteristic of Ewing sarcoma?
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What type of CR angle is required for the superoinferior sitting tangential method for the patella?
What type of CR angle is required for the superoinferior sitting tangential method for the patella?
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What type of positioning error caused the proximal third to fifth metatarsals to be superimposed in the AP oblique-medial rotation projection of the foot?
What type of positioning error caused the proximal third to fifth metatarsals to be superimposed in the AP oblique-medial rotation projection of the foot?
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Which of the following special projections of the knee must be performed erect?
Which of the following special projections of the knee must be performed erect?
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How much knee flexion is required for the horizontal beam lateral patella projection?
How much knee flexion is required for the horizontal beam lateral patella projection?
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What is the recommended SID for the tangential (bilateral Merchant) projection?
What is the recommended SID for the tangential (bilateral Merchant) projection?
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What modification is needed if a plantodorsal (axial) projection of the calcaneus shows considerable foreshortening?
What modification is needed if a plantodorsal (axial) projection of the calcaneus shows considerable foreshortening?
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What is the key characteristic of the Merchant method in knee imaging?
What is the key characteristic of the Merchant method in knee imaging?
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What positioning term is applied when the IR is placed on a footstool to minimize the OID?
What positioning term is applied when the IR is placed on a footstool to minimize the OID?
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Why is it important to include the knee joint for an initial study of tibia trauma?
Why is it important to include the knee joint for an initial study of tibia trauma?
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What is the recommended central-ray angulation for an AP projection of the knee in patients with thick thighs measuring greater than 24 cm?
What is the recommended central-ray angulation for an AP projection of the knee in patients with thick thighs measuring greater than 24 cm?
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Which projection places the foot into a more natural, true lateral position?
Which projection places the foot into a more natural, true lateral position?
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Where is the central ray centered for an AP projection of the knee?
Where is the central ray centered for an AP projection of the knee?
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Which type of study should be performed to best evaluate the status of the longitudinal arches of the foot?
Which type of study should be performed to best evaluate the status of the longitudinal arches of the foot?
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How should the central ray be angled from the long axis of the foot for the plantodorsal (axial) projection of the calcaneus?
How should the central ray be angled from the long axis of the foot for the plantodorsal (axial) projection of the calcaneus?
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Which basic projection of the knee best demonstrates the proximal fibula free of superimposition?
Which basic projection of the knee best demonstrates the proximal fibula free of superimposition?
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Where is the central ray placed for a mediolateral projection of the calcaneus?
Where is the central ray placed for a mediolateral projection of the calcaneus?
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For the AP oblique projection of the knee, which rotation is best for visualizing the lateral condyle of the tibia?
For the AP oblique projection of the knee, which rotation is best for visualizing the lateral condyle of the tibia?
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Which joint surface of the ankle is not typically visualized with a correctly positioned AP projection of the ankle?
Which joint surface of the ankle is not typically visualized with a correctly positioned AP projection of the ankle?
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What is the recommended central-ray placement for a lateral knee position on a tall, slender male patient?
What is the recommended central-ray placement for a lateral knee position on a tall, slender male patient?
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How much flexion is recommended for a lateral projection of the knee to best demonstrate the patellofemoral joint space?
How much flexion is recommended for a lateral projection of the knee to best demonstrate the patellofemoral joint space?
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Which projection of the ankle best demonstrates a possible fracture of the lateral malleolus and the base of the fifth metatarsal?
Which projection of the ankle best demonstrates a possible fracture of the lateral malleolus and the base of the fifth metatarsal?
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Which anatomical structure on the posterior femur helps identify rotation errors on a lateral knee radiograph?
Which anatomical structure on the posterior femur helps identify rotation errors on a lateral knee radiograph?
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With a true lateral projection of the ankle, the lateral malleolus is:
With a true lateral projection of the ankle, the lateral malleolus is:
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True/False: The AP stress projections are performed to demonstrate stress fractures of the distal fibula.
True/False: The AP stress projections are performed to demonstrate stress fractures of the distal fibula.
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What could cause the ankle joint space to be fully open in an AP ankle projection?
What could cause the ankle joint space to be fully open in an AP ankle projection?
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What is the probable cause of overlapping seen in an AP mortise projection of the ankle?
What is the probable cause of overlapping seen in an AP mortise projection of the ankle?
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What positioning modification would improve the outcome of an AP knee projection showing no space between femorotibial joints?
What positioning modification would improve the outcome of an AP knee projection showing no space between femorotibial joints?
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What needs to be changed in the projection to correct the overlap in an AP oblique knee projection with medial rotation?
What needs to be changed in the projection to correct the overlap in an AP oblique knee projection with medial rotation?
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What positioning error likely caused the fibular head to be completely superimposed by the tibia in a lateral recumbent knee projection?
What positioning error likely caused the fibular head to be completely superimposed by the tibia in a lateral recumbent knee projection?
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What further projection can help better demonstrate the area of trauma to the medial aspect of the foot?
What further projection can help better demonstrate the area of trauma to the medial aspect of the foot?
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What action should the technologist take after an AP and lateral tibia and fibula projection has failed to include the ankle joint in the AP projection?
What action should the technologist take after an AP and lateral tibia and fibula projection has failed to include the ankle joint in the AP projection?
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What positioning errors might lead to asymmetrical distal femoral condyles in a PA axial (Camp Coventry) projection?
What positioning errors might lead to asymmetrical distal femoral condyles in a PA axial (Camp Coventry) projection?
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What positioning modification can improve the image quality of a lateral patellar projection with the patella pressed tightly against the intercondylar sulcus?
What positioning modification can improve the image quality of a lateral patellar projection with the patella pressed tightly against the intercondylar sulcus?
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Study Notes
Positioning of the Foot and Ankle
- Recommended source image receptor distance (SID) for lower limb radiography is 40 inches (100 cm).
- Use of a grid for foot and ankle studies is required.
- Careful and close collimation and gonadal shielding are needed during lower limb radiography.
- A KVP range between 50 and 55 is recommended for knee radiography.
- The anatomy should be centered to the IR.
- Technologists should hold pediatric patients rather than use immobilization devices to reduce repeat projections.
Knee Positioning
- For an initial study of tibia trauma, include both the knee and the distal aspect.
- The central ray should be perpendicular to the IR and in relation to the part.
- Recommended central-ray angulation for an AP projection of the knee is 3° to 5° cephalad and 3° to 5° caudad.
- The central ray should be centered for an AP projection of the knee in the level of the midpatella.
- For the AP oblique projection of the knee, the proximal fibula should be free of superimposition. The angle should be 45° medial or lateral rotation.
- For a lateral projection of the knee, recommended flexion angle is 30° to 35°.
- The central ray should be perpendicular to the patellar plane.
- The SID is 48 inches (120 cm) to 72 inches (180 cm) for horizontal beam lateral patella projection.
Positioning Errors
- If the distal borders of the femoral condyles are not superimposed on a radiograph of a lateral knee, positioning error may be present such as over-rotation.
- If the posterior portions of the femoral condyles are not superimposed, positioning error (under-rotation) may be present.
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Description
Test your knowledge on various radiographic studies focused on the knee and lower limbs. This quiz covers topics including positioning routines, projections for specific conditions, and safety protocols in radiography. Ideal for radiologic technologists and students in the field.
