28 Questions
When cleared for a DME or GNSS Arrival in controlled airspace, what is an aircraft permitted to do?
Descend unrestricted for the approach
What does the phrase 'DESCEND TO (level) NOT BELOW DME (or GNSS) STEPS' authorize?
Descent in accordance with the DME or GNSS steps only to the specified altitude
What visual reference is required for ATC to issue a Visual Approach?
Continuous visual reference to ground or water within 30NM and visibility of at least 5000M
*What are the requirements for a pilot to commence or discontinue an Instrument Approach Procedure (IAP) during night time?
Clear of cloud, in sight of ground or water, and visibility of at least 5000M
What does a clearance for a DME or GNSS Arrival include when the track being flown is not aligned with the landing runway?
$500FT$ separation from the CTA lower limit
Which QNH source can be set before passing the Initial Approach Fix (IAF)?
Actual aerodrome QNH from an approved source
Which instrument approaches are considered 3D approaches?
ILS, MLS, GLS
What type of arrival procedure uses azimuth guidance operations?
NDB DME or GNSS Arrival Procedure (using an ADF)
Which approach type may lead to reduced minima when using actual aerodrome QNH instead of TAF QNH?
Instrument Approach with shaded background for minima titles
Where can approved sources of actual QNH be obtained from?
ATC, ATIS, AWIS, and Bureau of Meteorology accredited observers
How long is actual aerodrome QNH obtained from an approved source valid for?
15 minutes from receipt
What are landing minima published as on Australian approach charts?
MDA/H or DA/H
What must operators establish for each aerodrome used for operations?
Aerodrome Operating Minima (AOM)
When must PIC not descend below 1,000 feet AAL?
When RVR reports are continually less than landing minima
What is the purpose of visual circling?
To use when the runway-aligned approaches are not available or feasible
When is visual circling prohibited?
In 'no circling' sectors by day in less than visual meteorological conditions and at night
What must the pilot maintain during visual circling at the minimum descent altitude?
Visual contact with the runway environment
What does the visual circling procedure provide protection from?
Obstacles within the circling area
What is the range of final approach speed for category A aircraft during circling approach?
70-100 knots
What is the minimum visibility requirement for RNP APCH-LNAV/VNAV, RNP APCH-LPV, or precision approach procedures?
The highest of specified RVR/visibility, AFM minima, or operator's manual minima
What determines the minimum altitude for RNP APCH-LNAV, RNP APCH-LP, or other NPA?
The highest of MDA/MDH on the instrument approach chart, relevant AFM minima, or operator's manual minima
When conducting circling maneuvers, what determines the specific altitude requirements?
The highest of circling minimum altitude specified, relevant AFM minima, or operator's manual minima
Under what conditions is a straight-in landing not permitted?
Unless circling approach can be conducted in specified weather conditions or better
What must aircraft do if unable or not willing to land from an instrument approach in VMC?
Carry out published instrument missed approach procedure unless directed otherwise by ATC
When a go-around is initiated at Class D aerodromes with parallel runways where contra-rotating circuit operations are in progress, what must the pilot do?
Commence climb to circuit altitude
If any doubt exists about the procedure to be used during a go-around or missed approach, what should the pilot do?
Seek clarification from ATC
In the event of confusion, when should the pilot seek clarification from ATC?
When given unclear instructions
What should the pilot do if instructed by ATC or if initiating a go-around during contra-rotating circuit operations?
Position the aircraft on the active side and parallel to the nominated duty runway, while maintaining separation from other aircraft
Study Notes
Air Navigation Regulations Summary
- For RNP APCH-LNAV/VNAV, RNP APCH-LPV, or precision approach procedures, the minimum visibility must not be below the highest of specified RVR/visibility, AFM minima, or operator's manual minima.
- For RNP APCH-LNAV/VNAV, RNP APCH-LPV, or precision approach procedures, additional visibility requirements apply under specific conditions, including inoperative approach lighting systems and aircraft equipment limitations.
- Minimum altitude for RNP APCH-LNAV, RNP APCH-LP, or other NPA must not be below the highest of MDA/MDH on the instrument approach chart, relevant AFM minima, or operator's manual minima.
- For RNP APCH-LNAV, RNP APCH-LP, or other NPA, the minimum visibility must not be below the highest of specified visibility, AFM minima, or operator's manual minima, with additional provisions for inoperative approach lighting systems.
- Specific altitude requirements apply when conducting circling maneuvers, depending on the highest of circling minimum altitude specified, relevant AFM minima, or operator's manual minima.
- When conducting circling maneuvers, specific visibility requirements apply, depending on the highest of circling minimum visibility specified, relevant AFM minima, or operator's manual minima.
- Missed approach procedures are detailed, including standard procedures and requirements related to GNSS, RAIM warnings, and loss of visual reference during circling.
- Straight-in landing is not permitted unless circling approach can be conducted in specified weather conditions or better.
- Specific procedures are outlined for go-arounds and missed approaches in visual meteorological conditions (VMC), including initial climb and awaiting ATC instructions.
- Aircraft must carry out published instrument missed approach procedure if unable or not willing to land from an instrument approach in VMC, unless directed otherwise by ATC.
- The text includes references to AIP ENR 1.5, Jepp TERMINAL, and other relevant documents for further details on missed approach procedures and requirements.
- Key acronyms include RNP APCH, LPV, AFM, MDA, MDH, RVR, VMC, and ATC.
Test your knowledge of azimuth guidance and descent restrictions related to radio navigation aids. This quiz covers regulations for aircraft manoeuvring within sectors and segment minimum safe altitudes.
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