Podcast
Questions and Answers
How do whites and people of color primarily differ in their understanding of racism?
How do whites and people of color primarily differ in their understanding of racism?
- Whites view it as systemic while people of color see it as individual prejudice.
- Both groups understand it as an unchangeable category.
- Whites see it as prejudice while people of color view it as systemic. (correct)
- Both groups believe it is primarily a matter of social control.
What is mainly responsible for the reproduction of racial privilege in society?
What is mainly responsible for the reproduction of racial privilege in society?
- Social, economic, political, and ideological mechanisms. (correct)
- The elimination of racial categories altogether.
- Tools that promote equality across all races.
- The integration of different cultural practices.
What is the primary reason racial structures are maintained according to Bonilla-Silva?
What is the primary reason racial structures are maintained according to Bonilla-Silva?
- There is widespread belief in the biological basis of race.
- Humans are naturally inclined to categorize others.
- Changes in society render racial structures obsolete.
- Dominant groups benefit materially from the existing racial order. (correct)
What does the notion of race being a socially constructed category imply?
What does the notion of race being a socially constructed category imply?
Which term best describes the benefits that the dominant race receives from racial structures?
Which term best describes the benefits that the dominant race receives from racial structures?
What was a significant factor that led to the migration of blacks from the South to the North in the early twentieth century?
What was a significant factor that led to the migration of blacks from the South to the North in the early twentieth century?
Which organization is mentioned as a violent racist group affecting blacks in the South?
Which organization is mentioned as a violent racist group affecting blacks in the South?
What was a common social control mechanism used against blacks in the South?
What was a common social control mechanism used against blacks in the South?
What belief about minorities was prevalent among most whites during the Jim Crow period?
What belief about minorities was prevalent among most whites during the Jim Crow period?
How did residential segregation impact blacks in the North?
How did residential segregation impact blacks in the North?
What is described as a negative experience for people of color in upscale restaurants?
What is described as a negative experience for people of color in upscale restaurants?
What is suggested about voter fraud in the Bonilla-Silva reading?
What is suggested about voter fraud in the Bonilla-Silva reading?
What was one primary reason for the Great Migration of blacks from the South to the North and West between 1910 and 1940?
What was one primary reason for the Great Migration of blacks from the South to the North and West between 1910 and 1940?
What percentage of blacks were urban dwellers by 1970?
What percentage of blacks were urban dwellers by 1970?
What misconception about black workers is highlighted in the Bonilla-Silva reading?
What misconception about black workers is highlighted in the Bonilla-Silva reading?
What significant effect did the migration have on the Southern Jim Crow system?
What significant effect did the migration have on the Southern Jim Crow system?
What term describes the new social and political mobilization of blacks in the North after the migration?
What term describes the new social and political mobilization of blacks in the North after the migration?
How did the economic conditions differ for blacks in the North compared to the South during the Great Migration?
How did the economic conditions differ for blacks in the North compared to the South during the Great Migration?
What was the outcome of the increased geographical dispersion of blacks by 1970?
What was the outcome of the increased geographical dispersion of blacks by 1970?
Which comparison is made regarding the situation of blacks in the United States and the apartheid in South Africa?
Which comparison is made regarding the situation of blacks in the United States and the apartheid in South Africa?
What factor contributed to the flourishing of social and political organizations among blacks in the North?
What factor contributed to the flourishing of social and political organizations among blacks in the North?
What was a notable change in the socio-economic status of blacks from 1940 to 1970?
What was a notable change in the socio-economic status of blacks from 1940 to 1970?
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Study Notes
Racial Structure
- The social relations and practices that reinforce white privilege
- White people receive material benefits from the racial order
- To maintain these privileges they struggle, or passively receive the manifold wages of whiteness
- Racial structures remain in place for the same reasons other structures do
Jim Crow in the South
- Black people were subjugated and cheated through violent racist organizations such as the Ku Klux Klan, mob violence and the lack of enforcement of the laws by state agencies
- Most whites believed that minorities were intellectually and morally inferior and should be kept apart
The Great Migration
- The Great Migration took place from 1910 to 1970
- Between 1910 and 1940, 1.8 million blacks migrated from the South to the North and West
- By 1970, 80% of black people were urban dwellers, they had increased their education and developed a small but thriving middle class
- The Great Migration continued between 1940 and 1970 as 4.4 million more blacks left the South
- The change was facilitated by industrialization and urbanization
- In contrast, whites believed blacks were “unreliable” and could not adjust to factory work
Political Impact of the Great Migration
- Black politicians continued to be subordinate to white ethnic political machines.
- Black people have access to political power but are still vastly underrepresented in elected and appointed officials
- 61 people in the Senate are white, ten are people of color, but several of them are anti-minority minorities
- Black people still experience the “services” of the criminal justice system directly and indirectly
- Black people are overrepresented in the inmate population, six times higher than the white rate
Voter Suppression
- Voter suppression efforts are aimed at ensuring that whites retain political power
- Even though voter fraud is not a problem, voter suppression efforts are aimed at suppressing black turnout
Conclusion
- Despite the changes that have taken place, a truly pluralist America remains a distant dream
- There is still a lack of racial justice in terms of political power and representation
- The black community continues to be subject to violence and unfair treatment in the criminal justice system
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