Quinney's Group Conflict Theory Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the focus of Quinney's group conflict theory?

  • The role of political revolutions in crime.
  • The influence of cultural group conflict.
  • The application of strict punishment for criminals.
  • The interactions between segments of society. (correct)

    • According to conflict theory, what commonly leads to the occurrence of crime?

  • Psychological factors of individuals.
  • Societal norms and values.
  • Competition among interest groups. (correct)
  • Natural instincts of aggression.

    • Which of the following propositions is NOT part of Quinney's group conflict theory?

  • Crime is defined by powerful segments.
  • Criminal definitions are universally accepted. (correct)
  • Behavioral patterns relate to criminal definitions.
  • Societal segments communicate crime conceptions.

    • What do criminal definitions represent in Quinney's group conflict theory?

    <p>Behaviors contradictory to powerful segments' interests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Quinney view the relationship between decision-making and public policy?

    <p>It favors only a select few powerful interest groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the context of Quinney's theory, which statement best characterizes the social reality of crime?

    <p>It is constructed through criminal definitions and enforcement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of crime does conflict theory particularly criticize?

    <p>The focus on politically motivated crimes only.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following does NOT influence the way criminal laws are enforced, according to Quinney's theory?

    <p>The moral values of the general population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an example of cultural conflict as described in the context?

    <p>Immigrant cultural norms conflicting with dominant culture norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are criminal norms established according to the content?

    <p>By reflecting the values of the dominant interest groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Group Conflict Theory, what causes crime?

    <p>Conflict between competing interest groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when the behavior of a minority group conflicts with the laws of the dominant majority?

    <p>It may result in criminal behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects the political process of law-making?

    <p>It reflects deep-seated conflicts between interest groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What influence do legislative majorities have on law enforcement?

    <p>They dictate who is likely to violate laws.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following illustrates the concept of crime as expression of culture conflict?

    <p>An individual committing a crime based on their cultural norms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Vold's theory, what role do interest groups play in law-making?

    <p>They struggle for control over police power.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Marxist theories in criminology?

    <p>The relationship between crime and social factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Marxist conflict perspectives, what promotes crime?

    <p>Conflict arising from capitalist structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do instrumental Marxists view the law?

    <p>As a reflection of the ruling class's interests</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Quinney's proposition regarding crime control suggest about American society?

    <p>It is based on an advanced capitalist economy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does the state play in the context of instrumental Marxism?

    <p>Manipulating laws for the ruling class's advantage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following propositions is NOT part of Quinney's critical Marxist theory of crime control?

    <p>Unemployment has no role in crime rates.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant critique of traditional criminology from a Marxist perspective?

    <p>It emphasizes individual crimes without considering economic context.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Marxist approach suggest about the relationship between crime and the capitalist mode of production?

    <p>Economic structures give rise to criminal activity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the critique of instrumental Marxism primarily focus on?

    <p>Its portrayal of ruling class as homogeneous</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to structural Marxism, how do state institutions operate within capitalism?

    <p>They function to reproduce capitalist society in the long-term.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of laws enacted by the state according to structural Marxism?

    <p>They may not represent the immediate interests of the ruling class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of capitalism does structural Marxism emphasize regarding the legal system?

    <p>It has a relative autonomy that supports capitalism's longevity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the notion of 'relative autonomy' imply in structural Marxism?

    <p>The state can act in ways that oppose certain ruling class interests.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a capitalist society, what is the primary reason for the oppression of subordinate classes?

    <p>To ensure the stability of the economic system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What insight does structural Marxism provide about the enactment of certain laws?

    <p>They reflect a general consent for the social order.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is suggested as a solution to crime within the context of capitalism?

    <p>Collapse of capitalist society and establishment of socialism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor does Spitzer identify as directly creating problem populations in the labor market?

    <p>The introduction of new technologies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Greenberg, why do juveniles engage in delinquency?

    <p>They lack access to legitimate income sources</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of crime does Marxist research predominantly focus on?

    <p>Corporate crime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential outcome for youths who gain critical insights into capitalist institutions according to Spitzer?

    <p>Becoming student radicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does capitalism create motivation for corporate crime?

    <p>Through profit maximization pressures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can mass education contribute to the creation of problem populations?

    <p>By promoting critical thinking and questioning of capitalism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term is used to describe populations that are surplus to the labor market?

    <p>Problem populations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What aspect of corporate crime is emphasized in comparison to street crime?

    <p>It has a larger negative impact on society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT an alternative to prisons mentioned in advancing crime control programs?

    <p>Incarceration of non-violent offenders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the concept of pre-emptive deterrence involve?

    <p>Encouraging citizens’ groups to cooperate with police</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which critique of left realism emphasizes its lack of consideration for historical context?

    <p>It is ahistorical</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to conflict theories, crime arises from which of the following?

    <p>Divisions of interest groups within society</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do instrumental Marxists claim about the relationship between the state and the capitalist class?

    <p>The state is manipulated directly by the capitalist class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which theory suggests that crime results from violation of norms established by the dominant group?

    <p>Sellin's cultural conflict theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key aspect of structural Marxism in relation to the state?

    <p>The state exhibits relative autonomy from the ruling class</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes Richard Quinney's perspective on crime?

    <p>Crime arises from conflict between societal segments</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Chapter 11: Conflict Theories

    • Conflict theory views societies as more divided by conflict than integrated by consensus.
    • This contrasts with the consensus perspective, which assumes a degree of social agreement.
    • Societies, in conflict theory, are more divided by conflict than integrated by consensus.

    Cultural Conflict Theory: Thorsten Sellin

    • Modern society is composed of diverse cultural groups, each with distinct conduct norms.
    • Cultural conflict arises when the conduct norms of different groups clash, potentially leading to violations of law.
    • For example, immigrant cultures' norms might conflict with the dominant culture's norms.
    • Criminal law reflects the interests of the powerful and dominant groups in society, rather than society as a whole.
    • Criminal law depends on the character and interests of influential groups within the population.

    Group Conflict Theory: George Vold

    • Vold's theory focuses on crime as a result of conflict between competing interest groups.
    • Law-making involves political processes driven by clashes between these groups.
    • This theory emphasizes that laws and law enforcement are results of conflict between various groups.
    • Two main classes of group conflict lead to criminal behavior:
      • Conflict between a minority group and the dominant majority
      • Conflicts between competing interest groups

    Quinney's Group Conflict Theory

    • Quinney's theory views crime in terms of "social groupings" or segments of society.
    • Powerful segments (social groups) seek to protect their interests through influencing criminal law.
    • Quinney described criminal behaviour as the conflict between different interests in society.

    Marxist Conflict Perspectives

    • Marxists analyze crime through the lens of the relationship between crime and the social world.
    • Criminologists have adapted Marx's work to study this relationship, understanding that the capitalist system plays a crucial role but in itself doesn't account for all crime.
    • The Marxist perspective posits that political and economic structures under capitalism promote conflict, hence explaining conditions for crime to occur.
    • Marxists view law and crime not in isolation, but in relation to the whole of society.

    Instrumental Marxism

    • Instrumental Marxism views the state and its legal systems as directly reflecting the interests of the ruling capitalist class.
    • The ruling class controls law formation and the law's coercive nature as an instrument.
    • The state and the legal system are instruments under the influence and control of the capitalist class.

    Structural Marxism

    • Structural Marxism disagrees with instrumental Marxism, that the state and legal systems are directly reflecting the ruling capitalist class.
    • It argues that state institutions function to serve the long-term interests of capitalism.
    • State institutions have a degree of autonomy from specific elites within the capitalist class (relative autonomy).
    • Laws are not merely reflections of immediate capitalist interests, but also serve the broader system's reproduction.

    Crimes of the Powerless

    • Spitzer's theory emphasizes that criminalization often targets "problem populations" deemed surplus to the labor market.
    • These problems populations are created directly through contradictions in the capitalist mode of production, or indirectly through contradictions in institutions that help reproduce capitalism.

    Crimes of the Powerful

    • Marxist research on corporate crime focuses on harmful conduct within the production sphere of capitalist economies, emphasizing the negative impact corporate crime has on society.

    Critiques of Structural Marxism

    • Structural Marxism has a tendency towards circular reasoning.
    • It may over-emphasize social structure and neglect human ability to shape social reality or actions.
    • It's been criticized for a limited view exclusive on class relations, neglecting other factors like gender or race.

    Left Realism

    • Left realists emphasize the need to understand crime within the "square of crime" (relationship between offenders, victims, police, and the public).
    • They pay attention to the harm caused by working-class crime, considering that crime is disproportionately distributed among marginalized groups and often occurs within the same socioeconomic groups.
    • Victimization surveys help analyze and examine the problem of crime within working class communities.
    • They are looking for effective and non-repressive crime control programs.
    • They see the critical need for a working-class criminology that offers practical and non-repressive crime solutions.
    • Critiques of Left Realism often point out a lack of historical context and how the approach does not develop theoretical accounts.

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    Chapter 11 Conflict Theories PDF

    Description

    Test your understanding of Quinney's group conflict theory and its implications on crime and law enforcement. This quiz covers key propositions, definitions, and societal influences surrounding conflict theory. Evaluate your grasp on how different social realities shape the perception of crime.

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