18 Questions
Which type of agencies are described as performing quasi-judicial functions according to the text?
Independent executive branch bodies
Where can the law on obligations and contracts be found according to the text?
Civil Code of the Philippines
Which type of obligation is specifically known as a civil obligation according to the text?
Civil obligation
Which body may be called upon in case of non-compliance with an obligation according to the text?
General courts
Which type of courts do not form part of the integrated judicial system according to the text?
Quasi-judicial agencies
What distinguishes the functions of quasi-judicial agencies from other administrative bodies?
They settle controversies or disputes
Which court is at the apex of the Philippine judicial system?
Supreme Court
Where does the Sandiganbayan court fall in the Philippine judicial system?
Special anti-graft court
Which courts are considered courts of general or superior jurisdiction?
Regional Trial Courts
What type of jurisdiction do Circuit courts in the Philippines exercise?
Limited jurisdiction
Which court is a special tax court created by law in the Philippines?
Court of Tax Appeals
Which group of courts consists of Metropolitan Trial Courts and Municipal Circuit Trial Courts in the Philippines?
General jurisdiction courts
What is the purpose of a Constitution?
To establish, limit, and define fundamental government powers
What is the significance of the Constitution in relation to other laws?
All other laws must conform to it
What does 'Sources of Law' refer to in the text?
Legislation and the Constitution
What is the primary content of Legislation mentioned in the text?
Acts passed by the legislature and local government ordinances
Which legal body consists of the declaration of legal rules by competent authorities?
Quasi-judicial agencies
Why is the Constitution often referred to as the 'highest law of the land'?
Because all laws must align with it or be invalidated
Study Notes
Quasi-Judicial Agencies
- Quasi-judicial agencies are administrative bodies under the executive branch that perform functions similar to judicial bodies
- Examples include the National Labor Relations Commission, Securities and Exchange Commission, Land Transportation Franchising and Regulatory Board, Insurance Commission, and independent Constitutional Commissions (Civil Service Commission, Commission on Elections, and Commission on Audit)
- These agencies do not form part of the integrated judicial system, but they settle or adjudicate controversies or disputes
Law on Obligations
- The law on obligations and contracts deals with the nature and sources of obligations and the rights and duties arising from agreements and particular contracts
- This law is found in the Civil Code of the Philippines
- An obligation is a juridical necessity to give, to do, or not to do
- In case of non-compliance, the aggrieved party may call the courts to enforce its fulfillment or, in default, the economic value it represents
- Essential requisites of an obligation include:
Sources of Law
- Constitution: the highest law of the land that establishes, limits, and defines the fundamental powers of the government
- Legislation: includes Acts passed by the legislature and ordinances enacted by local government units through their respective sanggunians
- Judiciary: composed of the courts, one of the three main divisions of power in the system of government
Philippine Judicial System
- The judicial system consists of a hierarchy of courts resembling a pyramid, with the Supreme Court at the apex
- Courts include:
- Court of Appeals
- Regional Trial Courts
- Metropolitan Trial Courts
- Municipal Trial Courts
- Municipal Circuit Trial Courts
- The Supreme Court, the Court of Appeals, and the Regional Trial Courts are considered courts of general or superior jurisdiction
- Special courts include the Sandiganbayan (an anti-graft court) and the Court of Tax Appeals
Test your knowledge on administrative bodies under the executive branch that perform quasi-judicial functions, such as the National Labor Relations Commission, Securities and Exchange Commission, and independent Constitutional Commissions. Explore the unique roles and functions of these agencies.
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