ECA Judicial Branch Flashcards - Page 1

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Questions and Answers

What is the only court the Constitution creates?

the supreme court

What are the two court systems in the United States?

  • Local court system
  • Federal Court system (correct)
  • State court system (correct)
  • International court system

What are the two kinds of legal cases?

  • Administrative
  • Civil (correct)
  • Constitutional
  • Criminal (correct)

What is the job of the Court of Appeals?

<p>to review the verdict and replace it with a different one</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it difficult to take a case to the Supreme Court?

<p>the supreme court chooses the cases and they don't choose many</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can you do if you lose a case in the trial court?

<p>appeal to a higher court</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean if an appellate court affirms a case?

<p>the verdict stays the same</p> Signup and view all the answers

What action can the Supreme Court take if a law is unconstitutional?

<p>strike it down</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is evidence used for in a legal case?

<p>proving you are innocent</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a trial with no jury called?

<p>bench trial</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following descriptions with the correct court type:

<p>Trial Court = Works with laws Appellate Court = Works with laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Structure of the Court System

  • The Constitution establishes only one court: the Supreme Court.
  • Two primary court systems in the United States: Federal Court system and State Court system.
  • Legal cases are classified into two main categories: Criminal and Civil.

Court Functions and Roles

  • The Court of Appeals' primary role is to review trial verdicts and may alter them.
  • In the event of a loss in trial court, individuals have the option to appeal to a higher court.
  • If an appellate court affirms a case, the original verdict remains unchanged.
  • The Supreme Court has the authority to strike down laws deemed unconstitutional.

Court Procedures

  • Evidence presented in court aims to establish innocence.
  • A trial without a jury is termed a Bench trial.

Court Types and Characteristics

  • Trial Court:

    • May include a jury trial.
    • First point of hearing cases.
    • Handles both civil and criminal cases while applying laws.

  • Appellate Court:

    • Comprises panels of typically three judges.
    • Focuses on reviewing verdicts for errors.
    • Does not hear cases for the first time, handling appeals from trial courts.
    • Addresses both civil and criminal cases under the law.

Supreme Court Case Selection

  • Accessing the Supreme Court can be challenging as it selectively chooses cases for review and hears a limited number.

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