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Questions and Answers
What does the Hammett substituent constant (σ) measure?
What does the Hammett substituent constant (σ) measure?
- The dissociation constant of benzoic acids
- The electron-withdrawing or electron-donating influence of substituents (correct)
- The resonance effect of aromatic substituents
- The strength of the acidic substituent
What is the effect of an electron-withdrawing substituent on the equilibrium?
What is the effect of an electron-withdrawing substituent on the equilibrium?
- The equilibrium remains unaffected
- The equilibrium shifts to the right (correct)
- The equilibrium shifts to the left
- The equilibrium can shift in either direction
Why are ortho values of σ invalid?
Why are ortho values of σ invalid?
- Due to steric factors (correct)
- Due to electronic effects
- Due to resonance effects
- Due to inductive effects
What is the effect of a para-substituent like NO2 on the dissociation constant?
What is the effect of a para-substituent like NO2 on the dissociation constant?
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What is the effect of a meta-substituent like OH on the dissociation constant?
What is the effect of a meta-substituent like OH on the dissociation constant?
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What is the relationship between the Hammett substituent constant and the activity of diethylphenylphosphates (insecticides)?
What is the relationship between the Hammett substituent constant and the activity of diethylphenylphosphates (insecticides)?
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