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Untitled Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What was the fatality rate of the first Ebola outbreak in the Democratic Republic of Congo in 1976?

  • 88% (correct)
  • 95%
  • 60%
  • 75%
  • How many confirmed, probable, and suspected cases were reported during the 2014-2016 Ebola outbreak in West Africa?

  • 11,323
  • 15,000
  • 45,000
  • 28,646 (correct)
  • Which of the following proteins is NOT part of the Ebola virus genome organization?

  • sGP
  • VP24
  • GP140 (correct)
  • VP40
  • What is the approximate length of an Ebolavirus?

    <p>790 nm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'Virus-Host Interaction' refer to in the context of viral infections?

    <p>The mechanisms by which the virus infects host cells.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of genome does the Ebola virus possess?

    <p>Negative-stranded RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the VP24 protein in the Ebola virus?

    <p>To inhibit STAT1 nuclear transport.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is NOT part of the pathogenesis of virus infection?

    <p>Indirect elimination of viral particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which glycoprotein has the longest amino acid sequence?

    <p>Surface glycoprotein (GP1,2)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cellular receptor is primarily involved in the entry of the virus?

    <p>Axl receptor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which type of cells does antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) primarily facilitate virus attachment?

    <p>Neutrophils</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following roles is attributed to the complement pathway in the context of Ebola virus infection?

    <p>Binds to the Ab-GP complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell types are mentioned as being involved in the systemic infection caused by the Ebola virus?

    <p>Hepatocytes and Dendritic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of epithelium lines the epidermis?

    <p>Stratified squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which route of virus entry is NOT mentioned for Ebola transmission?

    <p>Fecal-oral route</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant characteristic of the skin regarding virus entry?

    <p>It is nearly impenetrable unless broken.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cell type is NOT a target for Ebola virus infection?

    <p>Erythrocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do C-type lectins play in Ebola virus transmission?

    <p>They act as receptors that allow virus attachment.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Axl receptor in virus particle uptake?

    <p>It promotes virus particle uptake via macropinocytosis.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can Ebola virus access mucosal surfaces?

    <p>By contact with broken skin or mucous membranes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which protein serves as a putative endosomal receptor for Ebola virus entry?

    <p>NPC1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a method of Ebola virus transmission?

    <p>Prolonged exposure to sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of proteolytic cleavage in the Ebola virus fusion process?

    <p>It activates GP1 to bind with NPC1.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor facilitates interaction between Ebola virus particles and TIM-1 receptors?

    <p>C-type lectins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of immunity is characterized by early, rapid, but limited responses against viral infections?

    <p>Innate immunity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens during the budding phase of virus replication?

    <p>The virus buds from the plasma membrane.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a feature of adaptive immunity?

    <p>Memory and specificity towards antigens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Ebola virus utilize GP during the attachment stage of infection?

    <p>By binding to TIM-1 on the host cell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What clinical symptoms are primarily a result of antiviral immunity?

    <p>Fever, aches, and inflammation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) help distinguish?

    <p>Host molecules from pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the VP35 protein in Ebola virus pathogenesis?

    <p>Suppress the activation of RIG-I and downstream Interferon genes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes the function of PKR in the antiviral response?

    <p>PKR phosphorylates eIF2a, leading to inhibition of translation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the VP24 protein inhibit in the interferon signaling pathway?

    <p>Transcription factors like STAT1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the Ebola virus utilize secretory GP (sGP) in evading immune responses?

    <p>By decoying antibody responses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of dsRNA structures on PKR?

    <p>Activate PKR through autophosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a consequence of the inactivation of eIF2a mediated by PKR?

    <p>Induction of cellular apoptosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following represents a mechanism by which Ebola virus inhibits the innate immune response?

    <p>Inhibiting Jak-Stat signaling pathway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT produced by the liver during coagulation?

    <p>Cytokine C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect does the Ebola virus have on endothelial cells?

    <p>Causes cytopathic effect and damages the endothelial barrier</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which best describes a recommended practice to prevent Ebola virus infection?

    <p>Avoid contact with blood and body fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a major symptom associated with direct infection of monocytes and macrophages by the Ebola virus?

    <p>Release of cytokines linked to inflammation and fever</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following practices should be avoided when dealing with an Ebola outbreak?

    <p>Handling items that may have come into contact with infected body fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of protein S and antithrombin in coagulation?

    <p>Inhibit coagulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one potential consequence of cytokine dysregulation due to Ebola virus infection?

    <p>Loss of vascular integrity and hemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor is NOT classified as a coagulation factor produced by the liver?

    <p>Cytokine S</p> Signup and view all the answers

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