SN FLASHCARDS for Intro to Evolution and Natural Selection
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Questions and Answers

What is the smallest biological unit that can evolve over time?

  • gene
  • atom
  • individual
  • population (correct)
  • What is the term for the evolution of similar traits due to similar environmental pressures rather than a common ancestor?

  • biological evolution
  • natural selection
  • artificial selection
  • convergent evolution (correct)
  • What is the term for the differential contribution of offspring to the next generation by various genetic types belonging to the same population. The mechanism of evolution proposed by Charles Darwin.

  • genetic selection
  • reproductive fitness
  • natural selection (correct)
  • sexual selection
  • What is the term for any gradual change; most often refers to organic or Darwinian evolution, which is the genetic and resulting phenotypic change in populations of organisms from generation to generation.

    <p>evolution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a structure in an organism that has lost all or most of its original function such as the human appendix or a snake's pelvic girdle bones?

    <p>vestigial structures</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist was responsible for the incorrect theory which suggests that individuals who acquire characteristics during their lifetime can pass these acquired characteristics on to their offspring? For example, a giraffe might permanently stretch out and lengthen his neck from spending a lot of time reaching for higher leaves during its lifetime. The incorrect theory of which scientist suggests that the giraffe's stretched-out neck can be passed on to his offspring?

    <p>Jean-Baptiste Lamarck</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist independently developed a theory similar to Darwin's theory of natural selection?

    <p>Alfred R. Wallace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which scientist wrote, "On the Origin of the Species"?

    <p>Charles Darwin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the scientists James Hutton & Charles Lyell contribute to Darwin's thinking on evolution?

    <p>They noted how geological landscapes transform over time; the accumulation of tiny changes results in big changes to the landscape</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did Georges Cuvier contribute to Darwin's understanding of evolution?

    <p>He noted that fossil layers show that some fossils appear &amp; disappear from one layer to the next</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What 3 word phrase describes natural selection?

    <p>differential reproductive success</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the understanding and application of the mechanisms of evolutionary change to biological problems?

    <p>evolutionary theory</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What 3 word phrase describes organic evolution?

    <p>descent with modification</p> Signup and view all the answers

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