Biochemistry LE 2: PDH/TCA Cycle
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Questions and Answers

What is the reaction that occurs in the RBC and Muscle during high intensity training?

  • Transamination
  • Reduction to lactate (correct)
  • Oxidative decarboxylation
  • Gluconeogenesis

    • What is the enzyme involved in the conversion of pyruvate to alanine?

  • Pyruvate dehydrogenase
  • Oxaloacetate transaminase
  • Pyruvate carboxylase
  • Alanine transaminase (correct)

    • Where does gluconeogenesis occur?

  • Both in mitochondria and cytosol (correct)
  • Only in mitochondria
  • Only in lysosomes
  • Only in cytosol

    • What is the product of the conversion of pyruvate through oxidative decarboxylation?

    <p>Acetyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During high oxygen consumption, what kind of phosphorylation does the body shift to?

    <p>Substrate level phosphorylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the site where pyruvate carboxylase is found?

    <p>Mitochondria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product of the conversion of pyruvate in anaerobic glycolysis?

    <p>Lactate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reaction that occurs in gluconeogenesis where pyruvate is converted to oxaloacetate?

    <p>Carboxylation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the outcome of one mole of glucose in glycolysis?

    <p>Two moles of pyruvate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final oxidation product of Acetyl-CoA in the citric acid cycle?

    <p>CO2 and H2O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the dual nature of the citric acid cycle?

    <p>Amphibolic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fate of pyruvate in aerobic conditions?

    <p>Converted to acetyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of coenzymes shared by α-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and Pyruvate Dehydrogenase?

    <p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the byproduct of the citric acid cycle?

    <p>NADH and FADH2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the PDH multi-complex enzyme reaction?

    <p>To convert pyruvate to acetyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the byproduct of the reaction catalyzed by Pyruvate Dehydrogenase?

    <p>Acetyl COA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe the withdrawal of oxaloacetate for gluconeogenesis?

    <p>Anaplerotic reaction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ATP yield of NADH in the electron transport chain?

    <p>2.5 ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ATP yield of FADH2 in the electron transport chain?

    <p>1.5 ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to describe a molecule that inhibits the enzyme it is supposed to be a substrate for?

    <p>Suicide substrate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the total ATP yield from one mole of Glucose in the TCA cycle?

    <p>10 ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the number of Acetyl COA molecules produced from one mole of Glucose?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the product formed after the formation of Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate (G3P) / Phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL) in glycolysis?

    <p>Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate (G3P)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ATP yield from one mole of Glucose in Pyruvate Dehydrogenase?

    <p>5 ATP</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of impaired motor function in Leigh's disease?

    <p>Defect in the 3rd enzyme of the PDH multienzyme complex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the result of α-ketoglutarate being withdrawn from the TCA cycle?

    <p>Decreased concentration of all TCA intermediates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of glutamic acid to glutamine?

    <p>Glutamine synthetase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of low concentration of all TCA intermediates?

    <p>Decreased energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of NH3 on α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase in patients with hyperammonemia and advanced liver disease?

    <p>Inhibition of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the normal ATP yield in one round of the TCA cycle?

    <p>10 ATPs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does NH3 also inhibit the pyruvate dehydrogenase in patients with hyperammonemia and advanced liver disease?

    <p>Due to their similarity in structure and function</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of the inhibition of α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase and pyruvate dehydrogenase?

    <p>Decreased energy production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following inhibits PDH in a competitive fashion?

    <p>Acetyl CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which reaction in the TCA cycle releases CO2?

    <p>Isocitrate to alpha-ketoglutarate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which TCA intermediate is formed in the substrate level phosphorylation?

    <p>Succinyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many ATPs are synthesized in one cycle of TCA?

    <p>32</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the net ATP yield in the complete oxidation of 1 mole of glucose to CO2 and water in skeletal muscle?

    <p>32</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which TCA intermediate is replenished by the major anaplerotic enzyme?

    <p>Oxaloacetate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the byproduct of the glycerol phosphate shuttle?

    <p>FADH2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of excess ATP on the TCA cycle?

    <p>Inhibition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an inhibitor of citrate synthase?

    <p>Succinyl-CoA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the anaplerotic enzyme in the TCA cycle?

    <p>To replenish Oxaloacetate</p> Signup and view all the answers

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