Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary aim of expository writing?
What is the primary aim of expository writing?
- To inform the reader in a simple and concise manner (correct)
- To entertain the audience through storytelling
- To evoke emotions and personal responses
- To convince the reader of a particular viewpoint
Which of the following correctly describes argumentative writing?
Which of the following correctly describes argumentative writing?
- It presents multiple viewpoints without taking a position.
- It aims to inform by providing straightforward facts.
- It seeks to entertain through imaginative narratives.
- It aims to convince or express a stand on an issue. (correct)
What is a key characteristic of expository writing?
What is a key characteristic of expository writing?
- It often includes personal anecdotes and emotions.
- It is generally longer and more complex than other styles.
- It presents information in a brief and clear manner. (correct)
- It challenges the audience's beliefs and values.
Which option best differentiates argumentative writing from expository writing?
Which option best differentiates argumentative writing from expository writing?
What type of content is NOT characteristic of expository writing?
What type of content is NOT characteristic of expository writing?
What ability is described that goes beyond sentence levels?
What ability is described that goes beyond sentence levels?
Which of the following is considered the highest level of language structuring mentioned?
Which of the following is considered the highest level of language structuring mentioned?
What is the primary aim of narrative discourse?
What is the primary aim of narrative discourse?
Which of the following structures comes first in the hierarchy of language?
Which of the following structures comes first in the hierarchy of language?
What does the term 'discourse' primarily refer to in linguistic studies?
What does the term 'discourse' primarily refer to in linguistic studies?
Which of these is NOT a level of language listed in the content?
Which of these is NOT a level of language listed in the content?
Why is copyright infringement mentioned in the content?
Why is copyright infringement mentioned in the content?
What role do phrases play in the hierarchy of language?
What role do phrases play in the hierarchy of language?
What is the distinction between competence and performance in communication?
What is the distinction between competence and performance in communication?
Which of the following correctly represents Chomsky's view on language?
Which of the following correctly represents Chomsky's view on language?
What term did Saussure use to describe the set of conventions and rules in language?
What term did Saussure use to describe the set of conventions and rules in language?
Which type of competence is concerned with the social aspects of language use?
Which type of competence is concerned with the social aspects of language use?
What is the focus of pragmatic competence in communication?
What is the focus of pragmatic competence in communication?
What does strategic competence involve in the context of communication?
What does strategic competence involve in the context of communication?
Which of the following best describes 'discourse competence'?
Which of the following best describes 'discourse competence'?
Which of the following statements represents the foundational concept of 'innatism' in relation to competence?
Which of the following statements represents the foundational concept of 'innatism' in relation to competence?
Which color is distinctly spelled out in the provided text?
Which color is distinctly spelled out in the provided text?
Who is identified as the father of debate?
Who is identified as the father of debate?
What is the correct preposition to use in the phrase 'The study was based ___ the study of Hymes in 1966'?
What is the correct preposition to use in the phrase 'The study was based ___ the study of Hymes in 1966'?
Which branch of linguistics deals with the appropriate use of language in specific contexts?
Which branch of linguistics deals with the appropriate use of language in specific contexts?
What is the study of the structure and formation of words called?
What is the study of the structure and formation of words called?
Which term refers to the sound system of a language?
Which term refers to the sound system of a language?
What punctuation distinguishes between a direct address and a statement in the sentence 'Do you want to eat Karen?' vs. 'Do you want to eat, Karen?'?
What punctuation distinguishes between a direct address and a statement in the sentence 'Do you want to eat Karen?' vs. 'Do you want to eat, Karen?'?
Which of the following is NOT a branch of linguistics mentioned in the content?
Which of the following is NOT a branch of linguistics mentioned in the content?
What is the primary focus of positive politeness?
What is the primary focus of positive politeness?
Which example best represents negative politeness?
Which example best represents negative politeness?
Communicative competence is divided into several domains. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
Communicative competence is divided into several domains. Which of the following is NOT one of them?
What does sociolinguistic competence primarily involve?
What does sociolinguistic competence primarily involve?
What is an example of a conversational exchange employing positive politeness?
What is an example of a conversational exchange employing positive politeness?
What is the goal of strategic competence in communication?
What is the goal of strategic competence in communication?
Which of the following statements about copyright infringement is correct?
Which of the following statements about copyright infringement is correct?
Which aspect of communication does discourse competence pertain to?
Which aspect of communication does discourse competence pertain to?
Study Notes
Competence vs. Performance
- Competence refers to a person's knowledge of language, including its sounds, meanings, and syntax.
- Performance is the actual use of language in specific, concrete situations.
- Chomsky distinguished between "competence" (unconscious knowledge of language) and "performance" (observable language use).
- Saussure defined language as "langue" (rules and conventions) and language use as "parole" (individual performance).
Communicative Competence
- Divided into several components:
- Linguistic Competence: Knowledge of language facts and structure.
- Discourse Competence: Ability to create extended forms of communication beyond sentences.
- Pragmatic Competence: Understanding of language use in context.
- Sociolinguistic Competence: Knowledge of the social rules governing the use of language.
- Strategic Competence: Ability to use communication strategies effectively.
Contextual Language Use
- Different language forms and styles are appropriate in specific contexts, affecting how messages are constructed and received.
- The use of polite language can take two forms:
- Positive Politeness: Builds solidarity and emphasizes shared attitudes.
- Negative Politeness: Respects power dynamics, maintaining distance and avoiding intrusion.
Discourse Types
- Narrative: Aims to tell a story or recount a series of events.
- Expository: Seeks to inform concisely and clearly.
- Argumentative/Persuasive: Attempts to convince others or express a viewpoint on an issue.
Key Terms and Concepts
- Transformational-generative grammar refers to language as a set of specific utterances by native speakers.
- Innatism posits that knowledge of language is inherent and affects language use.
- Pragmatics and semantics relate to the meanings derived from language and context.
- Fundamental subsystems of language include:
- Phonology (sounds)
- Morphology (word structure)
- Syntax (sentence structure)
- Graphology (writing systems)
Politeness Examples
- Positive politeness can manifest through compliments or shared values.
- Negative politeness emphasizes respect and formality, which may include indirect requests or avoidance of intrusion.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the key concepts from Lesson 3 of the Purposive Communication course, particularly on communication competence. It explores the development of skills in communication and the importance of understanding language and grammar. Enhance your knowledge and prepare for effective communication.
