Public Transport in Metro Manila

Public Transport Stations

• Multiple stations operate within Metro Manila, including North Avenue Station, Quezon Avenue Station, and GMA-Kamuning Station.
• Interchanges with MRT-3 occur at Cubao (Araneta Center-Cubao Station) for connectivity.

Philippine National Railways (PNR)

• Provides essential commuter rail services connecting Metro Manila with nearby provinces.
• Key stops on Metro South Commuter Line include Tutuban, Blumentritt, España, and Sta. Mesa.

North-South Commuter Railway (NSCR)

• Serves as a major rail project facilitating transport from Tutuban to Calamba.
• Stations include Caloocan, Valenzuela, and Malolos.

Air Transport

• Major international airports handle both international and domestic flights:
  • Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA)
  • Mactan-Cebu International Airport
  • Clark International Airport
• Additional key domestic airports primarily manage local flights include Bacolod-Silay, Cagayan de Oro (Laguindingan), and General Santos.

Water Transport

• Ferries and Roll-On/Roll-Off (Ro-Ro) ships provide inter-island connectivity.
• Non-motorized transport options include bicycles and pedicabs.

Regulatory Agencies

• Various government agencies govern transport systems and infrastructure:
  • Department of Transportation (DOTr) oversees policy and planning.
  • Maritime Industry Authority (MARINA) regulates maritime transport.
  • Manila International Airport Authority (MIAA-NAIA) manages airport operations.

Highway Classification

• National Roads: Public highways with a minimum right of way of 20m and 6.7m width for two lanes.
• Provincial Roads: Connect municipalities with a minimum right of way of 15m and 6.1m width.
• City Roads: Urban roads with a required right of way of 15m and 6.1m width.
• Municipal Roads: Local routes typically within poblacion areas, with 15m minimum right of way.
• Barangay Roads: Serve rural areas, with a minimum right of way of 10m.

Transport Challenges

• High Vehicle Volume: Peak hours result in congestion due to excess vehicles on the road.
• Limited Road Capacity: Inadequately designed roads can become congested with increased vehicle numbers.
• Poor Road Design: Inefficient layouts lead to traffic bottlenecks.
• Traffic Accidents and Incidents: Events like accidents or roadworks temporarily reduce road capacity.
• Inefficient Traffic Signals: Poorly timed signals disrupt traffic flow.
• Urbanization and Population Growth: Rising populations increase road space demand, contributing to congestion.
• Transportation Deficiencies: Limited public transport options lead to reliance on private vehicles.
• Driver Behavior: Aggressive driving habits disrupt overall traffic flow.
• Special Events: Large public gatherings temporarily surge traffic, causing delays.

Material Requirements for Road Construction

• Specific materials outlined for concrete pavement include Type I Portland Cement and specifications for aggregates and joint fillers.
• Minimum strength requirements, including compressive and flexural strengths, are established for durability.

Road Surface and Infrastructure

• Proper surface friction values are crucial for vehicle safety and performance.
• Infrastructure must adapt to meet rising transport demands and improve safety.